Study On The Evolution Of Urban Green Space System Planning In The Main City Of Chongqing(1891-2015)

Urban green space system is not only a part of modern urban space,but also a carrier of politics,economy and culture.Urban green space plays an irreplaceable ro le in improving the urban ecological environment,shaping urban landscape,and providing public space for public activities.The evolution of the green space system can be used to observe the development of the city history,and can also reflect the change of the living standard of the urban residents.Chongqing is a typical mountain city with a history of more than 3000 years.Since nineteenth Century,it has been more than 100 years that C hongqing took the lead in the construction of urban modernization.Followed by the development of the city,urban green space system came into being,so the evolution of Chongqing's green space system has certain regional characteristics and historical particularity.This paper selects 125 years from 1891 Chongqing formally opened to 2015,to study on the evolution of urban green space system planning in the main city of C hongqing.The research includes three aspects: the history and background of green space system in C hongqing,the evolutions and characteristics of 13 green space system planning,comparative study of the five dimensions which includes the scale and indicator,green space type,layout structure,function,planning idea.Firstly,by using the method of analytic hierarchy process and inductive deductive method,and drawing on the research results and research ideas of the green space system development at home and abroad,the paper studies the history of urban construction and green space planning and construction in the main city of C hongqing.Then the paper divide the historical development of green space in the main city into five stages: from "independent green building" to "planning green building"(1891-1949),Urban greening movement(1950-1965),green building basically stagnant(1966-1976),Greening and protecting the ecological environment(1979-1999),Construction of Ecological Garden C ity(2000-2015)? This paper makes a detailed study on the characteristics of the green space system construction,the construction of the park green space and the value of the green space in the city for the five historical stages.This paper analyzes the four factors which influence the development of the policy,the economic level,the social culture and the people's needs,the urban planning and construction.It is concludes that political factors play a leading role,the economic base determines the input of green building,social and cultural progress promote the development of green space,urban planning and construction lead to the construction of green space planning.Secondly,by using the method of literature review,the paper has studies the text and relevant materials of the green space system planning in the main city of C hongqing in the past 125 years,then cards the planning background of green system planning,planning objectives,planning points,and make an overall appraisal separately.It Specifically includes "Draft of Ten-Year Planning on the Construction of the Second Capita(5-green system)l "(1946)," Drafts of Landscaping planning during 1950-1978","Landscape Planning of Chongqing City"(1983),"Landscape Planning of Chongqing City(1996-2020)"(1998),"Urban green space system planning in the main city of Chongqing(2002-2020)"(2002),"Chongqing urban green space system planning(2007-2020)"(2007),"Urban green space system planning in the main city of Chongqing(2014-2020)"(2015).It summarizes the four laws of planning evolution: unified planning of the main city to the district planning,urban key planning to urban and rural integrated planning,civilization and regionalization,advancing to the reflection stage.Then by using the method of comparative study and drawing analysis,this paper focuses on the comparison of the scale and index,the type of green space,the layout structure,the function and the pla nning thought of the each green space system planning.(1)Construction scale and index: Green construction lags behind urban construction and urban population growth,and there is a big gap between the actual construction and planning of urban green space.(2)Types of Green space: The classification of green space has been continuously improved and standardized,reduction of urban green space.(3)Layout structure of green space: the network construction process of the green space system from "traffic leading" to "ecological support" to "human activity path",the density of the park green space in the city increases,and the outer circle of the urban built-up area expandes.(4)Green space function: the function of urban green space is diverse and multi-level,park green is more popular and Life oriented.(5)Planning idea: government will leads,more and more attention to the development of the city itself.On the whole,the green space system planning in the main city has gone through the process of continuous improvement.Finally,through the study of the 125 years of green space system planning evolution,based on the present situation and background of green space system planning and construction in Chongqing,the paper analysis the importance of green space system for urban development,discusses the overall pattern of green space system in the main urban areas in the future,and put s forward some suggestions for the development of urban green space in the main city of Chongqing in the future.It is hoped that the paper can provide some theoretical basis for the study of the green space system in the main urban areas of C hongqing,and can be used as a supplement to the study of urban history in Chongqing.