Research On Optimal Allocation Of Forklift In Logistics Distribution Center

The operation processes of logistics distribution center is inseparable from logistics equipment,which could significantly improve the efficiency of logistics distribution center and company's profits.Through the combing of relevant literature discovered that the researches on equipment allocation of logistics distribution center are mainly focus on its transportation equipment,loading and unloading equipment,and storage equipment.From the perspective of the research form,about the equipment allocation,many scholars use the method that develop a static model and allocate yearly,or qualitative calculation.However research literature about developing a quantitative dynamic allocation model by using the form of lease is relatively few now.From the perspective of the research content,many research literature focus on the general equipment and few on the specific equipment.So,from the perspective of forklifts,this research decides to investigate the allocation of forklifts in the circumstance of logistics distribution center,and develops a mathematical model to decrease the operation cost and improve the forklifts' efficiency,according to the dynamic changes of operation volume of distribution and the long-term and short-term lease.By literature reading,this paper expounds the related scholars' research on the optimal allocation of forklifts from three aspects namely,the equipment allocation of logistics companies,the optimization of forklifts and the model and algorithm of equipment allocation.After the analysis of the main factors affecting the equipment allocation of the logistics enterprises,We propose to allocate the forklifts in the form of combination of long-term and short-term lease,to provide the theoretical direction of operation cost decrease.Meanwhile,we develop an integer program model by considering the characteristic of forklift and logistics distribution center,and select a logistics company's distribution center in Hangzhou as a research case.Applying our model to the case and figuring it out by Lingo 11,we can acquire the different allocation tactics in different periods of time,which can be compared with the practical allocation tactics to vertify the practicability of our model.We can draw a conclusion by analysing the case and applying the relevant model that:(1)The form of combination of long-term and short-term lease that the forklift adopted can drive the reduction of yearly operation cost of logistics distribution center.(2)Allocating type and quantity of forklift in different periods of time according to the dynamic trend of monthly throughput of logistics distribution center,which reduces yearly operation cost of forklift,improves forklift's utilization and enhances enterprise's profits to help them to consolidate their position and exploit the market in their industry.This research develops an optimal model of forklift's allocation according to the dynamic trend of monthly throughput of logistics distribution center,which not only enriches the existing pattern and theory of the optimum allocation of equipment in logistics enterprises,but also provides ideas and directions for the further researches.In addition,we also hope to provide an allocation tactic for all distribution centers of BS enterprises to reduce yearly operation cost of forklift,and to provide a reference for the enterprises who have a similar background.