Study On Lightweight Design And Crashworthiness Simulation Of Engine Cover Panel Based On Finite Element Analysis

As an effective way to save energy,protect the environment and improve the performance of vehicles,vehicle weight reduction has become a trend in the development of the world’s automobile industry.At present,research on vehicle weight reduction reduces the weight of the vehicle and also reduces the safety performance of the vehicle.Based on the market demand,a car engine cover plate needed by the project unit is studied,and its lightweight design and crashworthiness verification simulation are carried out.The specific work and conclusions of this article are as follows:(1)A finite element analysis model was built and meshed for the optimized objects in this paper.Based on the finite element analysis method,the four working conditions of the engine hood structure were studied and loaded,and the stress cloud map and displacement cloud map of the original hood model were obtained under four conditions.(2)Aiming at the effect of different materials on the weight reduction of the engine hood,three kinds of material replacement schemes are proposed.The finite element evaluation method of four working conditions was used to perform finite element analysis on the three material replacement schemes,and a comprehensive comparison was made of each scheme from the perspectives of mechanical properties,weight loss degree,and required cost.(3)In order to satisfy the stiffness requirement,with the displacement and frequency as the design constraints,and with the minimum weighted strain energy as the optimization goal,a topology optimization program based on the variable density method was proposed.Finite element analysis under four conditions is performed on the improved engine hood.Compare the performance and quality of the engine hood before and after optimization.(4)To verify the rationality of the lightweight design scheme for the engine cover panel,a nonlinear transient finite element analysis model of the engine hood is established based on the explicit method.A collision simulation was performed on the hood panel to compare the impact deformation of the hood panel before and after the lightweight design.The overall study shows that the weight reduction ratio can reach 29.8% under the premise of satisfying the stiffness requirement,and the impact deformation is satisfied.