Research On Fire Smoke Diffusion And Control Technology In Multi-storey Subway Station

The rapid development of subway construction has effectively relieved the ground traffic pressure of large and medium cities,reduced the pollution of vehicles to urban pollution and improved the living environment.Subway station is the conjunction of the underground track and the surface traffic,with the surrounding environment of the facility constraints,different shapes,small space,complex structure,limited surface interface,tortuous escape channel and so on.Subway station is a personnel-intensive place,with large traffic and crowed crowd.the fire smoke is the main cause of dead and injury,how to disperse the crowd in shortest time,reduce the fire disaster accident loss effectively,is the hot spot of the whole society concerned.It is of great significance to study the smoke control and prevention in the restricted space of the subway station.Based on the field investigation,this paper uses the theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and indoor experiment to study the influence of the typical parameters of the restricted space on the control effect of the flue gas in a subway station.Provided risk prevention and control measures.The main research results are as follows:(1)Based on the ground investigation of a subway station,the paper analyzes the surrounding,the situation of the subway station,the internal structure and smoke.Considering the environmental factors,human factors,item factors,equipment factors and management factors,there were five key factors may lead to subway fire,combined with domestic and foreign subway fire typical case,summed up the five elements of the characteristics of disaster.(2)Through the establishment of the fire analysis model to study the impact of typical parameters on the control of smoke flue gas diffusion control in a subway station.The rule of smoke and smoke prevention is discussed through the analysis of smoke partition and smoke emission method.The influence of pumpin method on the control of the flue gas diffusion was summarized by analyzing the height of the end wind and the exhaust port.Through the analysis of the ceiling permeability and the gap width of the confined space,study the effects of different ceiling rates and spacing width on fire smoke diffusion control.(3)Proposed to increase the height of the structure,increase the width and quantity of the outlet,the design of the air outlet,the design permeability,increasing the width of the subway station lattice grid and other subway internal structure to improve the flue gas mobility.Reduced the number of materials and combustibles,increase the utilization rate of non-combustion and smoke suppression materials and reduce the fire load of subway system.Put forward measures to strengthen fire prevention and control,such as fire control facilities,evacuation patrol,safety inspection and emergency management.The research results provide technical support for the subway fire smoke prevention and control,and has certain engineering value.