Research On Temporal And Spatial Distribution Features And Countermeasures Of Traffic Jam In Chengguan District Of Lanzhou City Based On Real-time Traffic

With the rapid development of urbanization in China,the number of motor vehicles has continually doubled over the past decade.However,the renewal and construction of urban transportation facilities is relatively slow.The contradiction between traffic supply and demand contributes to severe traffic congestion.At present,traffic congestion in urban cities has become one of the most important challenges which will affect the healthy development of the city.The comprehensive exploration of traffic congestion is a necessary prerequisite to alleviate the problem.With the development of big data,the efficient open source data of traffic can help researchers grasp the holistic traffic status within the specific region as soon as possible,and quickly recognize traffic congestion.Therefore,the application of big data to analyze traffic congestion in urban cities has gradually become an important technical means of urban traffic research.As a typical valley city in the west of China,Lanzhou may have more intense contradiction between rapid urbanization and scarce land resources,which will aggravate the traffic congestion.Taking Chengguan District of Lanzhou as the research area and using congestion index and live traffic status released by AMAP---a live traffic monitoring platform,the paper did quantitative research on the traffic congestion in the study area by comparative analysis,point processing in ArcGIS10.3 and hot spot analysis.It objectively analyzes the space-time distribution features of traffic congestion in the study area,and puts forward specific measures to improve congestion,which will provide certain reference for urban planning and traffic management in Lanzhou.Firstly,the research on time distribution features of congestion indicates that traffic congestion shows the periodicity clearly over time.Traffic congestion appears a periodic feature of the high congestion level of before and post-holiday and a low congestion level during holidays.During the working day,congestion mainly concentrates in the commuting hours of morning and evening peak.The operation of traffic in the noon is unimpeded;the congestion level on Mondays and Fridays is higher than those on the other working days,and the congestion of morning peak on Mondays and of evening peak on Fridays is the severest.What's more,the level of traffic congestion during the weekend is lower than the working day,and congestion mainly concentrates in the afternoon and the duration of the congestion is relatively long.Secondly,the research on space distribution features of congestion indicates that traffic congestion shows some differences.During the working day,the congestion mainly concentrates in the main roads of the urban road network.To be specific,the spatial changes shows that the congestion(during the morning peak)concentrate from the residential communities to the west areas of Tianshui Road,and(during the evening peak)it gradually spreads from Xiguan and Nanguan to each area in the city.During weekends and holidays,traffic jams concentrates in public entertainment areas such as business districts,parks,and plazas.Thirdly,the research on the empirical analysis of the existing measures to alleviate congestion indicates that traffic congestion can be alleviated effectively within the specific areas by the construction of roads to improve the structure of the road network,the implementation of one-way traffic to form the traffic "micro-circulation" and the provision of tidal traffic lanes to adjust the traffic flow.Finally,according to the congestion features in Chengguan District and the existing measurements for alleviating congestion,the congestion can be curbed by three levels including optimizing structure of road network,improving traffic management level,and developing public transportation.To be more specific,optimizing structure of road network need to be carried on by strengthening the construction of road infrastructure,reasonably clearing the “micro-circulation” of traffic nodes in small areas,improving the level of networked roads,and implementing construction for unestablished roads according to the original plan.Also Traffic managements include improving the coordination and management level of traffic lights,enhancing the level of traffic informatization,and strictly rectify traffic violations.Moreover,the specific measures to developing urban public transportation include setting up bus lanes,improving the design of public stations,enhancing the service level of public transportation,and encouraging and guiding citizens to choose public transportation.