| Flaveria bidentis is a new invasive alien species of the Asteraceae, annual herb, native to South America, which is a typical of alien invasive specie, first discovered in 2001 in Tianjin and Hebei of China. Studies have shown that its has a strong invasion, causing serious harm to agricultural production and economic development. It relies solely on mechanical removal and chemical control on production, and it need sustainable control technique. Using replacement technologies in Flaveria bidentis is prospects.The study using field investigations and experiments, Flaveria bidentis growth, development and dynamic, the diversity of associated weeds in the invaded area and the control effects of replacement among Helianthus tuberosus L.?Althaea rosea and Silphium perfoliatum L.in the Flaveria bidentis growing area were studied.Flaveria bidentis growth cycle has strong plasticity. On different time sowing Flaveria bidentis, The time of germination rates range from 5% to 95% is 15 D, appeared on May 22 seed, and the seedling emergence time is relatively concentrated; June 11, time is 34 D,which is the longest of all.Whenever you sow Flaveria bidentis, they will stop growing on about October 14, and it will plant up to the maximum value. The Flaveria bidentis is seeded before May 22 final height can reach above 200 cm, and seeding of Flaveria bidentis from June 11 to July 21, its final height has been able to above 70 cm, but the sowing of Flaveria bidentis after August 10, its final height is below 10 cm. On August 30 seeding the Flaveria bidentis it need the effective accumulated temperature is 409.88 to reach the final heigh.Sowing of Flaveria bidentis the lives of trunk's log will gradually decrease if the sowing date pushed back.Sowing Flaveria bidentis from starting to bud needs the least effective accumulated temperature is 344.5; From the beginning squaring to start flowering the required minimum temperature is 60.0. Before October 27, the flowering of Flaveria bidentis seed germination can be 5%. The seeds, whose germination percentage can be achieved 5%?15% and 50%, require the minimum the effective accumulated temperature are 37.2(flowering on September 12) ?84.7(flowering on October 12) and 122.2(flowering on October 7).Investigated about the Flaveria bidentis different invasion zone, Results show that associated weeds in 2014 Flaveria bidentis invasion in Baoding area belong to 13 families, 27 kinds, Compositae(7 genus) and Gramineae(8 genus)accounted for most of them. Common weed species: Artemisia annua L., Conyza canadensis, Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv., Chenopodium glaucum, Pharbitis nil(Linn.)Choisy. The plant height and density of Flaveria bidentis,which in the Flaveria bidentis planting garden, Baoding South second ring suburban wasteland and the wasteland in baoding urban area, are around 200cm?134cm?149cm and 93 per square meters?14 per square meters ?11 per square meters, Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv. and C.virgata Swartz across the earth's surface, but the competitive in space is far from Flaveria bidentis.Helianthus tuberosus L.?Althaea rosea and the high density? medium density of Silphium perfoliatum L. can significantly affect the Flaveria bidentis biomass and relative production values, The affect of three species plants on Flaveria bidentis main leaf is not significant; From the substitution effect based on biomass, Helianthus tuberosus L.?Althaea rosea and Silphium perfoliatum L. has some control for Flaveria bidentis, The control of Helianthus tuberosus L. is strongest.Helianthus tuberosus L.?Althaea rosea and Silphium perfoliatum L. are potential becoming the replacement plants for successful control of Flaveria bidentis. |
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