Study On Occurrence Regularity Of Main Insect Pests On Wheat And Control Effectiveness By Useing Unmanned Helicopter

Wheat, the second largest crop in the world and main protein source of human, is widely cultivated in China.The development of wheat industry is directly related to national food security and social stability, so high quality and high yield of wheat production is an urgent problem in Chinese food industry. Winter wheat is the main food crops in Wudi county, Shandong Province, and the annual planting area of wheat is over 16000 ha. Wheat pests are one of the important factors influencing the wheat yield, quality and cost of production. In recent decades, the losses caused by wheat pests are serious and accounts to 12 million kg every year. Chemical control is the main process of wheat integrated pest management, as we all know, just the pesticide imidacloprid would be consumed 2500 kg and strain (including chloride hydrogen fluoride with ester, e chrysanthemum ester, etc.) drug consume 7500 L. The high toxicity, high residue and high pollution of chemical pesticides not only destroyed the farmland ecological balance, but also result in serious damage to the environment. Due to the restriction of plant protection machine, manpower, material resources and financial constraints, the general control means meet the general requirements in short term. In this paper, we investigated the occurrence of wheat insect pests and their natural enemies in Wudi county and studied control effectiveness of advanced plant protection machine for major insect pest of wheat. Our results provided theoretical basis for control of wheat insect pests.We studied the occurrence of the wheat pests in Wudi county with wheat cultivar Linmai No.2 for five years by the system investigation. The results showed that there were five major pests in wheat of Wudi, aphids, wheat sawfly, cotton bollworm, armyworm and spiders, among which aphids and wheat sawfly were the most prevalent ones. The total number of aphids was 12000 on 500 single stems in 2015, reaching the peak during past recent 5 years. Wheat aphids began to appear in wheat jointing stage and reached their peak in anthesis stage of wheat, and then decreased to the mature stage.We also studied the population dynamics of wheat main pests natural enemies and found three groups of natural enemies of the wheat pests:syrphid flies, ladydird beetles and aphidids.The number of the ladybird beetles was biggest,aphidids followed, syrphid flies rarely appeared. Beetles began to appear at booting stage, and the number of adult began to exceed the theirlarvae in late April. In the mid-may, the larvae almost disappeared and the number of adult reached its peak. Theoccurence period of ladybird beetles was short and has only one month, ladybird beetles would disappear after the wheat entered the ratooning buds. Wheat ear stage is also an important stage which influence the production of wheat. Combining with the crop management practices and making good use of the natural enemies in this time, the favorable natural conditions of survival and reproduction for natural enemies were created, these methods can reduce chemical control and provide better balance of farmland ecosystem.To verify control effectiveness and application prospect of R-10L plus crop protection unmanned helicopter in wheat to control two major pests, wheat sawfly and aphids, field efficacy trials were carried out in two different ways, by crop protection unmanned helicopter and by knapsack sprayer. Wheat sawfly control results showed that at the conditions of the same doses of pesticides, the control effectiveness of using R-10L plus plant protection unmanned helicopter after 1st day and 3rd days' application, are 85.26% and 98.45%, significantly higher than that with a knapsack sprayer; Aphids control results showed that there were no significant differences beween two methods, with higher dose of pesticides. But after reducing the use of pesticides, the control effectiveness by using unmanned helicopter was significantly better than that by knapsack sprayer, after 1 and 3 days application. While after 7 days, the difference became not significant. We can use less pesticide to control wheat sawfly and aphid by using unmanned helicopters. In the case of spraying on the same area, the efficiency by unmanned helicopter is 5.76 times of artificial spraying, which can significantly reduced labor force and improved the working efficiency.