| Crops are particularly important biological energy source for human survival. Effects of drought, salinity, heat, cold and other adverse environmental conditions during the growth process of plant cause water deficit of plants, result in osmotic stress and affect plant growth and development. They are able to cause serious plant death and become the main factors of affecting crop production. Therefore, reduction losses of crop production by environmental stress on crops become the focus of research in agriculture.Endophytic fungi are common in plants although their biomass is rare. They can not only produce a variety of biological function, but also provide nutrients plants need, participate in defense functions of plant, promote rapid plant growth and enhance the ability of resistance to disease and stress of the plant. Therefore, biocontrol fungus has become a hot spot for future research.Chaetomium globosum ND35 is a dominant endophytic fungus separated from health Populus tomentosa, it plays a positive role in promoting plant growth and preventing disease.Wheat, soybean, bitter gourd, peper and tomato were served as the research materials in this study. the system studied C. globosum ND35 improve the resistance of crops. The results are as follows:1. Effects of C. globosum ND35 and fulvic acid (FA) on growth of wheat seedlings under drought stress.Under drought stress, average height, fresh weight, dry weight, soluble sugar and protein content of wheat seedlings treated with FA and C. globosum ND35 increased 10.87%,8.28%,27.73%,52.2%and 8.9% compared with the group treated without C. globosum ND35. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased 5.64% compared with groups treated without C. globosum ND35. When the FA concentration was 300 mg/ L, C. globosum ND35 promote wheat seedlings under drought stress.2. Effects of C. globosum ND35 on resistance to draught of crops under different water condition.The overall content of (chlorophyll) Chl of the wheat seedlings inoculated with C. globosum ND35 was higher than that of group inoculated without C. globosum ND35 under drought stress. Protein and soluble sugar content increased 40.76%,20.20%, 58.56% and 12.18%,23.31%,17.90% compared with noninoculated group. MDA content was lower than in the noninoculated group of 11.79%,9.18% and 9.39%. Inoculation with C. globosum was significantly able to improve soybean germination rate, number of pods and yield. Soluble sugar and protein content in soybean inoculation with C. globosum were higher than the noninoculated group by 7.38%, 13.92%,28.07% and 10.66%,23.12%,8.16%. MDA and proline content decreased by 10.66%,23.12%,8.16%, and 14.66%,25.45%,41.07% compared with noninoculated group. Inoculation with C. globosum ND35 was significantly able to improve the relative water content, soluble protein content of bitter gourd increased by 30.92%, 31.55%,36.62% and 37.44% compared with the group noninoculated. MDA and proline content were lower than the noninoculated group of 8.83%,6.90%,21.21%, 26.11% and 48.50%,58.59%,39.91%,38.48%. Under drought stress the antioxidant enzymes of bitter gourd was also more significant. Overall the C. globosum ND35 was significantly able to increase resistance to drought of the wheat, soybean and bitter gourd under water stress.3. Effects of C. globosum ND35 on growth and physiological characters of peper under salt stressUnder salt stress, compared with noninoculated C. globosum ND35, pepper seedlings inoculated with C. globosum ND35 was able to improve the ground and underground fresh weight and root to shoot ratio. Soluble protein content in pepper seedlings increased 16.05%,9.11%,17.51%and 6.38% compared with noninoculated group. MDA and proline content were decreased 15.59%,6.68%,13.68%,18.02% and 26.93%,36.48%,33.28%,50.80%, compared with noninoculated group. Antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD and CAT) activities of pepper was higher than the noninoculated group, when the NaCl concentration was 150 mmol/L, SOD activity changed obviously up to 127%.4. Effects of C. globosum ND35 on resistance of tomato seedlings under low temperature stressLow temperature treatment group inoculated with C. globosum ND35 compared with the noninoculated group, dry weight, fresh weight, chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugar and protein of tomato seedlings were increased 77.30%,67.93%,13.88%,41.32%, 9.72% and 21.45%. MDA content than the noninoculated group reduced to 12.08%. This indicated that inoculation with C. globosum ND35, some extent, was able to alleviate cold influences on tomato seedlings. |
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