Responses Of Soil Microorganism To Different Land Use Types

Soil microorganism plays an important role in the ecosystem,and in ecorestoration,too.In general,microbial community composition and diversity are important parameters reflecting soil quality.Thus the study on the change rule of soil microorganism,soil enzyme and properties of soils in copper mine tailings,coal mining subsidence area,saline land was performed by investigating the effects of soil microbial community composition and diversity of fertility factors under different land use types,which was significant for restoration of degraded land and construction of beautiful country.In this study,Anji chestnut forest and bamboo forest,Tongling copper mining area,Huaibei coal mining area and Yuyao saline land soil were chosen as the research objects.Meanwhile the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform was uesd to measure soil bacteria and fungi community composition and diversity change with different land use types.Based on the effects of soil microbial community composition and diversity of soil environmental factors combine canonical correspondence analysis,the following main conclusions are presented in this thesis.(1)In chestnut forest,soil bacteria and fungi communities dominant genus were Rhodoplanes and Penicillium.Number of species of bacteria and fungi community changed with slope,the larger and higher diversity of soil were in midslope 20~40 cm and downslope,upslope 0~20 cm.Soil catalase and urease activity were within 1.48~4.37 ml/g and 0.98~5.06 mg/g range.Moreover bacteria community composition was influenced by soil organic matter,total nitrogen and available phosphorus;fungi community composition was effected by urease.(2)For bamboo forest,soil bacteria and fungi communities dominant genus were Nitrospira and Mycena,Entoloma,Kobayasia,Penicillium.Larger number of species of bacteria and fungi communities with higher diversity of soil were respectively in downslope 20~40 cm and midslope,upslope 0~20 cm.Soil catalase and urease activity were within 3.09~7.55 ml/g and 2.08~7.30 mg/g range.Soil available nitrogen had greater impact on bacteria community composition,and soil organic matter,total nitrogen and available nitrogen had greater influence on fungi community.(3)In copper mining area,soil bacteria and fungi communities dominant genus were Pseudomonas and Haematonectria,Penicillium,Aspergillus.Larger number of species of bacteria and fungi community as well as higher diversity of soils were in newly forestry land 0~20 cm,20~40 cm and newly forestry land 0~20 cm,40~60 cm.Soil catalase and urease activity were within 12.36~19.17 ml/g and 0.03~12.05 mg/g range.Soil available phosphorus played greater impact on bacteria community composition,while catalase hadgreater effect on fungi community composition.(4)In coal mining area,soil bacteria and fungi community dominant genus were Nitrospira and Haematonectria,Inocybe,Peziza,Alternaria.Number of species of bacteria and fungi community larger and higher diversity of soil were in control area,new subsidence area 20~40 cm,old subsidence area 0~20 cm and new subsidence area 0~20 cm,old subsidence area 0~20 cm,40~60 cm.Soil catalase and urease activity ranged within 3.52~9.72 ml/g and 2.71~10.81 mg/g.Soil organic matter had greater influence on bacteria community composition,while catalase had greater impact on fungi community composition.(5)For saline land,soil bacteria and fungi community dominant genus were Nitrospira and Cladosporium,Fusarium.Number of species of bacteria and fungi community larger and higher diversity of soil were in heavy saline land 0~20 cm and weak saline land 0~20 cm.Soil catalase and urease activity ranged among 3.08~6.91 ml/g and 0.04~8.21 mg/g.Soil catalase had greater impact on bacteria community composition,soil organic matter had greater effect on fungi community composition.