| Our country is a sericulture country with rich sericultural resources. Mulberry trees contain many kinds of active substances, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, etc. These substances have a wide range of pharmacological effects, for example, inhibition of abnormal elevation of plasma glucose, anti tumor, antioxidation and anti-virus. As an important economic resources, silkworms only fed on mulberry leaves. Silkworm is a kind of high efficient bioreactor which can enrich active substances in mulberry leaves. There are various kind and producing area of sericultural resources, the content, composition, structure and activity of effective substances have significant biological diversity. In order to develop the use of active substances of sericultural resources, difference of main active substances content in different silkworm races and mulberry varieties were studied in this research. This study attempt to select some special silkworm and mulberry germplasm resources and distributing disciplinarian with high active substances contents, provide the basis for pharmaceutical and edible development of sericultural resources.DNJ, total flavonoids and total alkaloids contents of 5th instar silkworm larva of 70 representative varieties chosen from silkworm germplasm repository were determined, and the influence of the strain and voltinism were analyzed. The results showed that DNJ contents ranged from 0.03% to 0.39%, Japanese varieties>European varieties>Chinese varieties. Total flavonoids contents ranged from 0.38% to 1.40%, Japanese varieties>Chinese varieties>European varieties. Total alkaloids contents ranged from 0.87% to 1.55%, European varieties>Japanese varieties>Chinese varieties. The voltinism part, active substances contents of secvolitine varieties were higher than univolitine varieties. Selected 8 varieties of high DNJ contents and hybridized combine randomly, the main active substances content in hybrid offspring larva were determined. The results showed that there was no significant differences of active substances between hybrid and original silkworm larva, so maybe the rule of heterosis is not suitable for the enrichment capability of active substances.Nutrient substances of 50 varieties of silkworm pupa were determined and compared, the influence of the strain and voltinism were also analyzed. The results showed that crude protein contents ranged from 52.18% to 62.78% and crude fat contents ranged from 17.99% to 29.52%. Silkworm pupa has a full range of amino acids, essential amino acids accounted for 38.97% of total amino acids. Silkworm pupa oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acid, accounts for 61.10 to 69.71% of total fatty acids, including alpha linolenic acid accounted for 26.65 to 37.47%. So silkworm pupa is a valuable resource with high protein contents, high fat contents, comprehensive amino acid and reasonable fatty acid composition.5 different varieties of mulberry trees for production in Esat China were chosen as materials. DNJ, total flavonoids and total alkaloids contents of 5 varieties of mulberry leaves were determined and compared. The results showed that active substances contents differed in different varieties, seasons and leaf positions. DNJ contents of different varieties ranged from 0.19% to 0.31%, total flavonoids contents ranged from 0.19% to 0.33% and total alkaloids contents ranged from 0.42% to 0.69%. The active substances contents of different leaf postiongs has obvious gradient: upper leaves>middle leaves>low leaves. Upper and middle positions of spring leaves contain more DNJ and total flavonoids contents than autumn leaves, but lower in low position. Autumn leaves contain more total alkaloids contents than spring leaves. In addition, take DNJ and total flavonoids contents as a standard of leaf quality, we found that upper and middle spring leaves of Husang-32 and Xinyizhilai as well as low leaves of Jin-10 have better leaf quality. |
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