Screening The Genotypes With High Grain Nitrogen From Wild Emmer Wheat Population

A wild emmer wheat population with 110 genotypes derived from Hermon Mountain of northern Israel was screened for genotypes with high grain nitrogen content under two experimental trials of field and potting in this study, compared to a group of 22 wheat cultivars. Additional 5 grain micro-nutrients were also analyzed for all the material in aim of investigating theirs heritabilities from different environmental conditions. The molecular markers which linked to genes GPC-B1 and Fd-GOGAT respectively were taken as haplotypes and exploited for the genetic diversity within the population. The results are as followed:1. Strong significances(p<0.0001) were detected for the grain soluble-protein content, amino acids, phytate and Pi between two environments except the grain flavonoids and phenolics. More than 50% of heritability from both two environments for grain soluble-protein content suggested the strong genetic basis of this trait in wild wheat population.2. Correlation-based network exhibited the major positive relationships between grain soluble-protein content and amino acids/phytate from both two experimental trials. Abundant correlations of micro-nutrients were detected from field trial comparing the potting, which mainly negative correlated to the agronomic traits.3. The statistic significances among the haplotypic categories confirmed the strong additive effects of gene GPC-B1 on grain soluble-protein content and Fd-GOGAT on grain amino acids, respectively. Positively effects from both GPC genes on awn and spike length indicated the possible involved mechanisms.4. Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients were clearly higher stored in grains of wild wheat than the wheat cultivars, with the opposite patterns in total flavonoids and phenolics.5. Extreme genotype, HP1, with low grain soluble-protein content was screened out, with contrary genotype HP143 that obtained high values in all seed nutrients and confirmed by PCA results, therefore, will be benefit for the further breeding program.Concluding, the priorities of seed nutrients from wild emmer wheat and its potential diversity with favorable variations within the whole population will provide a bright sight for procedures of utilization and breeding.