| It is warm and humid when the wheat is growing in south China and the climate is very suitable for the weeds. It is an important factor in reducing wheat quantity and quality. Chemical weed killers can control weed growth effectively. But the long use has caused the problem of 3R. Consequently, it has become a fresh and environmentally friendly approach for using crop allelopathic potential to suppress weeds growing.In order to identify and select the germplasm resources of wheat effectively,to prepare for the breeding of wheat varieties with anti grass. In this study, a group of wheat materials preserved in our laboratory were choiced as donors, and crickweed(Malachium aquaticum L.) and amur foxtail(Alopecurus japonicus) which are associated weeds in wheat and asparagusplettuce(Lactuca sativa) and perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.) which were two kinds of recognized research allelopathic crop pattern receptors were selected as receptors. Then the inhibitory effect of wheat on weeds was studied by aqueous extract screening bioassays on leaves method, relay seeding in Vermiculite method, potted method and field identification method. The main results were as follows:(1) In the aqueous extract screening bioassays method, Both the allelopathic inhibition rate of the germination of seeds and the allelopathic inhibition rate of the root length showed that wheat leaves cut leaf dip provided was significantly higher than that of whole leaf provided the inhibition rate of extraction. And the correlation of inhibition rate of the germination of seeds of two processing method of leaves were-0.15(asparagusplettuce),-0.03(perennial ryegrass) and-0.35(crickweed), he correlation of inhibition rate of the root length were 0.32(asparagusplettuce), 0.36(perennial ryegrass) and 0.36(crickweed), the related of them is not significant.(2) Relay seeding in Vermiculite method which use crickweed and amur foxtail as receptors showed that there were no significant correlation among the different seeding time and with wheat sowing period of relative delay, the range of inhibition rate were 27%, 16%, 10% while the receptor was crickweed and 39%, 23%, 10% while the receptor was amur foxtail. In test of different grain number, with the increase of grain number(1, 3, 5), the range of inhibition rate of root length were 16%, 27%, 26%(crickweed) and 21%, 39%, 32%(amur foxtail), and the inhibition rate of root length of 3 grain and 5 grain had very correlation significantly and the correlation coefficient were 0.82(crickweed) and 0.81(amur foxtail).(3) In the pot experiment of wheat on the inhibition ring, the alleopathic inhibition rate decreased with the distance increasing of crickweed or amur foxtail and wheat., there were very significant correlation between any two of the allelopathic inhibition rates of ground fresh mass, underground fresh mass, ground fresh mass, underground dry mass whole plant fresh mass and whole plant dry mass, the correlation coefficient were all above 0.9. There were significant correlation between allelopathic inhibition rate of total root length and whole plant dry mass which the correlation coefficient were 0.51(crickweed)and 0.84(amur foxtail). However, the allelopathic inhibition rate of shoot height and whole plant dry mass had no significant correlation while the correlation coefficient were 0.4(crickweed) and 0.28(amur foxtail).(4) Using the method of field identification to test the allelopathic inhibition rate of wheat, it could be foundd that the weed suppression allelopathic potential can not stable until 84 days.(5) No matter what method was used, the inhibition rates of wheat to different receptors were different, and there were no correlation among them which the correlation coefficients were all under 0.5.(6) The correlation coefficient between the extraction method and the other methods was lower than 0.5, and the result was not significant. The correlation coefficient between relay seeding in vermiculite method, pot method potted method and field identification method is all greater than 0.6, the result was significant.Through the research, determined that relay seeding in vermiculite method, pot method potted method and field identification method can be used for identifying of weed suppression allelopathic potential. Then10-28, N57 and 10-174, K were selected as the high and low material when the receptor plant was crickweed and so did N74 and 10-54, N260, N362 while the receptor plant was amur foxtail. |
