Study On Characteristic Of Different Stand Types At Qingyun Forest Park In Guangdong Province

The construction of forest park is significant to improvement of ecological environment, preservation of biological diversity and to the serving of the public. In this article, the different forest stand characteristics in Guangdong Qingyun Forest Park were discussed and researched, the functions and efficiency of different forest stand were comprehensively evaluated, scientific evaluation was conducted on the different forest stand characteristics within the forest park, and the research results are of guiding significance to optimization of forest landscape, protection of biological diversity and development and utilization of forest resources and are of reference value for forestry ecological construction, forest stand rebuilding and protection of forest resources. In this research, the 6 different types of forest stand in Guangdong Qingyun Forest Park were taken as the research object, comparison and analysis of forest stand characteristics were conducted on masson pine forest, coniferous mixed forest, mixed broadleaf-conifer forest, broad-leaved forest, broad-leaved mixed forest and eucalyptus forest, comparison and analysis were conducted on the species composition, important value of species, diversity of undergrowth plants, water retention characteristics of litters and canopy characteristics, etc. within the forest land; what's more, analytic hierarchy process(AHP) was adopted to comprehensively evaluate the foregoing 6 different forest stand characteristics. Main research results are as follows:(1) The growth conditions of different forest stand and different species of trees are relatively distinct: In masson pine forest and eucalyptus forest, the forest trees were relatively growing evenly but the forest storey structure is simple; in the coniferous mixed forest, the growth trend of masson pine is better than that of cunninghamia lanceolata; the tree growth variation of trees in the mixed broadleaf-conifer forest and broad-leaved forest was not remarkable; in the broad-leaved mixed forest which was the formerly feng-shui forest by local people, the forest trees were flourishing but the growth variation among trees were relatively large.(2) The quantity order(from largest to smallest) of the undergrowth plants species of 6 different forest stands is: mixed broadleaf-conifer forest> broad-leaved mixed forest> masson pine forest> eucalyptus forest> broad-leaved forest= coniferous mixed forest; in the quantity of undergrowth plants, the herb layer is larger than shrub layer on the whole; in the coniferous forest stand, the species and quantity of shrub are more than those of broad-leaved forest stand; the species of largest important value of shrubs in the 6 different forest stand shrub layers are rhodomyrtus tomentosa, sapium discolor, Berchemia yunnanensis, castanopsis fissa, homalium laoticum var. alabratum and Broussonetia kaempferi respectively; the species of largest important value for herb layers are Dicranopteris pedata, Dicranopteris pedata, Cyclosorus parasiticus, Cyclosorus parasiticus, Nephrolepis biserrata and Microstegium vagans.(3) The research results from the richness S, Simpson index D, Shanno-Wiener index H and community evenness J for the plants of 6 different forest stands showed that:(1)The large-to-small order of shrub layer diversity is: mixed broadleaf-conifer forest> broad-leaved mixed forest> coniferous mixed forest> broad-leaved forest> masson pine forest> eucalyptus forest;(2)The large-to-small order of herb layer diversity is: mixed broadleaf-conifer forest> broad-leaved mixed forest> broad-leaved forest> coniferous mixed forest> masson pine forest> eucalyptus forest;(3)The large-to-small order of undergrowth plants diversity is: mixed broadleaf-conifer forest> broad-leaved mixed forest> broad-leaved forest> coniferous mixed forest> masson pine forest> eucalyptus forest. The undergrowth plants of broad-leaved mixed forest has largest diversity, relatively rich species and even distribution; while the undergrowth plants of eucalyptus forest has smallest diversity, relatively low rich degree of species and uneven distribution. In the aspect of similarity of undergrowth plants, the forest stand of broad-leaved mixed forest has relative small similarity with all of the other 5 types of forest stands.(4) The water retention capabilities of litters for different forest stands are not the same. The variation trend(from large to small) of litters' water retention capabilities for the 6 different forest stands are: mixed broadleaf-conifer forest> broad-leaved mixed forest> broad-leaved forest> coniferous mixed forest> eucalyptus forest> masson pine forest; the mixed broadleaf-conifer forest showed the best litters' water retention capability.(5) In the aspects of forest canopy and understory light environment, the canopy layer opening degree of broad-leaved forest is the smallest, while that of the eucalyptus forest is the largest; the broad-leaved forest possesses largest leaf area index, and the coniferous mixed forest posesses the smallest; The coniferous mixed forest has the largest direct luminous transmittance under the forest and is remarkably higher than that of the other 5 types of forest stands; The eucalyptus forest has the largest scattering luminous transmittance under the forest and the broad-leaved forest has the smallest.(6) The analytic hierarchy process(AHP) was adopted to conduct comprehensive evaluation on different forest stands. The results showed that, the score values of forest stand characteristics for different types of forest stands have greater differences. The large-to-small oder is broad-leaved mixed forest(0.5481)> mixed broadleaf-conifer forest(0.3492)> broad-leaved forest(-0.1104)> masson pine forest(-0.1449)> eucalyptus forest(-0.3055)> coniferous mixed forest(-0.3364).