Effect Of Different Phosphorus Sources And Surfactants On The Mobility Of Phosphorus In Soil

The purpose of this study was to improve the mobility of phosphorus in the soil, so as to increase the phosphorus utilization rate.The study included the following aspects: 1) determining the basic properties of a variety of surfactants(i.e. critical surface tension, p H, EC value), and selecting suitable types of surfactants added into the P fertilizer; The effect of surfactants on phosphorus mobility in soil was explored by soil column test. 2) Screening suitable phosphorus sources(potassium pyrophosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, mono-ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate) and selecting three representative soils(lateritic red soil, sandy loam soil, calcareous soil), and each kind of soil texture was given five same treatments. Pot experiments were carried out to explore mobility of different phosphorus sources in different soil texture. The following conclusions were obtained by evaluating the growth of maize, analyzing total phosphorus content, total phosphorus content and available phosphorus content in different soil layers of different soil texture:1.Soil column experiment results showed that the surfactant added to the water-soluble phosphate fertilizer in latosol had a very small role in promoting mobility of phosphorus, in calcareous soil which phosphorus element fixed more seriously did not promote the mobility of phosphorus. Surfactants that promoting the movement of phosphorus in the soil was conditional, that was, soil infiltration difficulty was caused by the more hydrophobic group.2. Maize in latosol grew weaker. Water soluble phosphate fertilizer(potassium pyrophosphate, poly ammonium phosphate, mono-ammonium phosphate) was better than super phosphate. Superphosphate treatment corn growth had no significant difference with the control; All the treatments showed severe symptoms of phosphorus deficiency; Application of ammonium phosphate in the treatment of phosphorus in the soil obtained the best mobility.3. Maize growth of phosphorus fertilization treatment was significantly better than the control in sandy loam soil. Application of water-soluble fertilizer(potassium pyrophosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, mono-ammonium phosphate) was better, and plants did not show symptoms of vacancy phosphorus. However, superphosphate treatment showed a mild symptoms of phosphorus deficiency. Application of ammonium phosphate obtained the best soil phosphorus mobility. The plant height was 24.6% higher than that of the control, and the diameter was 33.4%, and the fresh weight was 97.3% higher than that of the control.4. Lime soil superphosphate treatment obtained the weakest corn growth and showed obvious symptoms of phosphorus deficiency; The water-soluble fertilizer superphosphate was significantly better than superphosphate. Mono-ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate had no significant difference in the growth of maize, potassium pyrophosphate showed less effective; Treatment with ammonium phosphate in calcareous soil showed the best phosphorus mobility, available phosphorus content 85.7% higher than the control,.