Temporal And Spatial Changes Of The Quantitative Structure Of Five Domestic Animals In Balinyou Banner Over The Recent 70 Years And Analysis,of Inflaencing Factors

Five domestic animals are an important part of the grassland ecosystem.Impacted by the global climate changes,the grassland ecosystem is worsening.Besides,because of the originally vulnerable ecological environment,the grassland degeneration,changes of government policies for the animal husbandry and changes of the animal husbandry production and operation models in the autonomous region,the quantitative structure of five domestic animals has undergone dramatic changes.This paper combines the qualitative and quantitative approach to analyze temporal and spatial distribution changes of five domestic animals in Balinyou Banner over the past 70 years and their influencing factors.This paper first analyzes temporal evolution characteristics of five domestic animals in Balinyou Banner over the recent 70 years.Next,the spatial distribution dynamic characteristics of the five domestic animals are examined.With the help of GIS,the spatial distribution chart is made.Finally,causes behind these spatial and temporal changes are explored.Below are conclusions of this research:(1)Over the past 70 years,the overall changing trend of five domestic animals in Balinyou Banner and the annual growth rate changes have been fluctuating and periodical.On the whole,the temporal and sequence changes can be divided into four periods.In the first period(1946~1966),the number of five domestic animals kept on increasing at a high growth rate.In the second period(1967~1981),the growth rate of five domestic animals was fluctuating,but the total number was basically stable.In the third period(1982~1997),five domestic animals grew steadily,with the total number being on the upward trend.In the fourth period(1998~2015),the number of five domestic animals fluctuated and increased dramatically.Before the 1980 s,the quantitative structure of five domestic animals in Balinyou Banner was relatively stable.Because of slight impact of human factors,distribution of five domestic animals was in line with the ecological environment.However,over the past 30 years,the number of small domestic animals has been on the rise;while the number of large ones has been falling.Meanwhile,diversification is weakening in the structure of five domestic animals,and the consistency trend is significant among various Sumu towns.(2)Temporal distribution of Sumu towns in Balinyou Banner reflects structural imbalance of five domestic animals in Balinyou Banner.The actual grazing capacity has exceeded the theoretical limit.Spatial distribution of the total number of five domestic animals suggests that degeneration of southern grasslands and invasion of farming have prompted five domestic animals to move northwards.The structural imbalance of species well reflects the geographical distribution rules of the five domestic animals.(3)The quantitative structure changes of five domestic animals in Balinyou Banner are influenced by many factors.From a long-term perspective,quantitative structure changes before the 1980 s were mainly related to the local topography,climate and natural disasters,and policies partially.However,after China’s adoption of the reform and opening-up policy,policy,social and economic factors have exerted a major influence on the quantitative structure changes.