Expression Analysis Of Gene Related To Downy Mildew Resistance In Non-heading Chinese Cabbage

Non-heading Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis Makino),originated in China,is a very important vegetable crop,and widely cultivated in the world.The importance of downy mildew in the agricultural and entire economy of one country and world,seeking for cultivar with high sensitivity to downy mildew in non-heading Chinese cabbage inspired to study this problem of agriculture of all time,which cause low productivity in cabbage,grapevine and other crops.In 19th,downy mildew disease created a huge damage in whole European agriculture,reason to be investigated at that time,this is remarked begin of control of this disease with copper,land burn,periodic,removal of infected plants from soil and other methods.In the Start of 20th,massive development of technology tools used in investigation in the biotechnology,biochemistry and microbiology,highlighted modern ways of treat microorganism and their treatments.From 2001 different researcher discovery singles and associate group of proteins which help plants immune system in the defenses against downy mildew infections.Most important of these genes belong to group(R)like SGT1b,RAR1,EDS1,etc.These genes have physical interaction or enhance the resistance responses against Oomycete and other pathogens in crops.The goal of study of EDS1,SGT1b and PEN2 genes was to understand the expression differences in non-heading Chinese cabbage after incubation with downy mildew.Results showed that three genes have different expression when incubated with downy mildew.It caused by many reasons,incubation conditions,greenhouse conditions and genetically distribution in the chromosomes.PEN2 located in the chromosomes2 of Arabidopsis,showed a higher expression than other genes located in the chromosomes3 and 4.This information suggested existence of genes location and his expression relationship.The second experiment involved PEN2 expression in two cultivars from the same non-heading Chinese types.Analysis showed that PEN2 was expressed 4 times higher than other variant.It suggested existence of differences in molecule structure within elements of the same cultivars.Several PUB proteins have been identified as downy mildew defense regulators.We utilized the Illuminate RNA-seq data that to generated and analyzed putative downy mildew resistance-related PUB genes in non-heading Chinese cabbage.As a result,a total of 515 U-box-containing transcripts were found in the RNA-seq-transcriptome data and many of which showed inverse gene expression patterns in two non-heading Chinese cabbage cultivars.Four transcripts were chosen to further analysis.These analyses provided to us rich resources and opportunities to understand these proteins in downy mildew resistance in non-heading Chinese cabbage.