| The Experiments carried out in May to October 2016 in Yuyang district national agricultural science and technology demonstration area,where in yulin city of Shaanxi province,the test object for potatoes,the test set up 3 irrigation frequency(D1-4 days,D2-8 days,D3-10 days)and three fertilizer levels(N,P2O5,K2O)(F1:100,40,150;F2:150,60,225;F3:200,80,300),a total of nine treatments was set.Effects of water and fertilizer coupling on potato growth,yield,quality,plant nutrients absorption and soil nutrient moisture distribution.The main conclusions were made as following:(1)In the early stage of potato growth,irrigation frequency and fertilization on potato plant height,stem diameter had no significant influence on fertility in the late period.Irrigation frequency and fertilization on potato plant height and stem diameter has a significant influence on the whole potato.In the growth period,leaf area of irrigation frequency and fertilization on potato has a significant effect on the SPAD value,has a significant impact.The interaction between water and fertilizer on potato growth stage the plant height had no significant effect on stem diameter have a significant impact on the whole growth period of potato leaf.The interaction of water and fertilizer on potato area had no significant effect.(2)The interaction of irrigation frequency and fertilizing amount of potatoes plant on per plant yield,total yield and marketable yield had extremely significant effect.The per plant yield,total yield and marketable yield increased with increasing fertilization,reduce after the first increases with the increase of irrigation frequency,per plant yield,total yield and marketable yield the highest treatment is D2F3,and plant height,stem diameter and leaf area and the potato crop was positively linear correlation between the yield,the yield with plant height,stem diameter and leaf area increased and increased.Starch irrigation frequency and fertilization potato on potato tuber,reducing sugar and vitamin C content have a significant influence,starch and vitamin C content along with the increase of fertilization amount increased first and then decreased,F2 treatment was the highest,with the increase of irrigation frequency,the first increase and then decrease,D2 treatment was the highest,the content of reducing sugar increased with fertilization and irrigation frequency decreases first and then increases,the interaction of two has extremely significant effect on the contents of starch,has a significant impact on reducing sugar and vitamin C content.(3)In the different development stages of the potato,the changing rule of the dry matter of different organs is different.The potato root,stem and leaf dry matter content is as the potato growth period increased first and then decreased,the tuber growth period(55DAE),root,stem,leaf dry matter content of potato tubers reached the maximum value.Potato tuber dry matter and the growth of total dry matter of potato plants comply with logistic curve characteristics,are from the potato tuber formation stage(35DAE)began to grow quickly,the starch accumulation period(75DAE)growth rate decreased.In the same conditions of each irrigation frequency,the content of dry matter in the organs increased with the increase of the amount of fertilizer.Under the same amount of fertilizer,with the increase of the irrigation frequency,the content of dry matter increased at first and then decreased.D2F3 is potatoes every organ highest dry matter content at different stages.(4)Potato roots,stems and leaves of N,P,K content with the rules to promote the changes of growth stage are different,and in the whole growth period of root,stem,leaf N,P content always meet: leaf > stem > root,the K content in stem,leaf,root meet: stem>leaf>root.Mature potato,potato tuber is in various organs of N,P,K was the highest organ.(5)The nitrate content in soil decreased gradually with the increase of soil depth,nitrate nitrogen in soil in the vertical direction are mainly distributed in 0~40cm soil layer,in the horizontal direction,the nitrate nitrogen in soil is mainly distributed in the range of 0~15cm within the scope of the drip irrigation belt,and in the two range,the nitrate nitrogen content in soil increased with the increase of fertilization,and decreased with the increased of irrigation frequency,but irrigation frequency and fertilization had no significant effect on the content of nitrate nitrogen in deep soil.For soil moisture,the vertical direction 0 ~ 40 cm,horizontal direction of drip irrigation with 0 ~ 15 cm is also highest soil moisture content of soil. |
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