The Study On Phenotypic Diversity In Rosa Rugosa

Rosa rugosa is a deciduous shrub of genus Rosa in the Rosaceae family,they distribute narrowly,only grow in Eastern coast of Shandong,Southern coast of Liaoning and the estuary of Tumen River in Hunchun of Jilin.As the increase of the industrial development,tourism vacation,aquaculture and other kind of human activities,the wild distribution area of Rosa rugosa shrink gradually.In 1992,as a rare and endangered plant species,Rosa rugosa was incorporated into China Plant Red Data Book.In order to protect and use the germplasm resource of Rosa rugosa better,we choose 24 phenotypic traits from 5 representative populations as research subjects,use analysis of variance,multi-comparison,principal component analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis to analyze these data,and finally determine the phenotypic variation in Rosa rugosa populations and the relationships between phenotypic variation and different distribution areas.At the same time,we make the Technical Code for Evaluating Wild Germplasm Resource of Rosa rugosa on the basis of investigation and summary,it will have great significance for the collection,identification and evaluation of Rosa rugosa germplasm resource.The main results are as follows:(1)Variance analysis of 24 phenotypic traits showed that there were significant differences among and within populations.(2)The variation within populations(27.18%)was greater than that among populations(16.79%),which indicated that the former was the main source of the phenotypic variation in the species,The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient(VST)among populations was 0.2952,which indicated the phenotypic variation was great..The mean phenotypic variation coefficient(CV)was 18.48%,and the variation range of the 24 phenotypic traits was 6.67%–26.79%.The variation coefficients of leaves,fruits,flowers,and seeds were 21.40%,17.42%,12.54% and 6.67% respectively,which indicated that seeds exhibited the greatest stability,whereas leaves exhibited the least.(3)The principle component analysis showed that the phenotypic variation of leaves and fruits contributed the most variation.(4)The correlation analysis showed that there was significant correlation between some traits and geographic ecological factors.With the decrease of latitude and longitude,the length of stipule decreased,but when annual temperature and the average July temperature increased,the length of stipule became even greater.Increases in annual precipitation resulted in larger fruit diameters,and the ratio of the transverse and longitudinal diameter of fruits and also increased,which indicated that the shape of fruit varied from broadly orbicular to oblong.A decrease in average July temperature and an increase in latitude and longitude resulted in an increase in thousand-grain weight.(5)The five populations of R.rugosa investigated could be divided into three groups according to the UPGMA cluster analysis;the phenotypic traits gathered were based on geographic distance,and it was noteworthy that the population of Chengshan town(CSZ)in Shandong Province and the population of Mingyang Town(MYZ)in Liaoning Province were in the same group.(6)To work out the Technical Code for Evaluating Wild Germplasm Resource of Rosa rugosa,we choose 32 identificaton content,and the evaluation methods were determined according to the character types.