The Effect Of Biochar On Wheat Plant-soil Carbon Nitrogen And Grain Quality

Biochar is a sort of stable soil amendment,which is produced by biomass material pyrolysis in anaerobic condition.In recent years,there have been more and more studys about the effect of biochar on wheat growth or soil condition.In order to study the usage of biochar in agriculture,a field trail was implemented to study effect of biochar on carbon nirtogen of soil and wheat growth quality in manural loessial soil of Guanzhong area,Shaanxi Province,PR China.This study took winter wheat and field as the objects,mearsuing the growth target,total nirtrogen,non-structural carbohydrates and grain quality of wheat and the carbon and nirtrogen of soil,and provided theory basis for the biochar promotion in agricultural production.(1)The application of biochar significantly influenced the SPAD of wheat leaves,the dry matter wheat of shoot and tiller dynamic.Adding biochar 1t/ha,5t/ha and 10t/ha four years ago,the biochar accelerated the wheat growth in earlier stage,while there was no significance influence on the wheat both in late growth stage and leaf area index.The application of biochar increased the wheat yield performance and the harvest index,but the effect of increasing yield and yield component was not significant.(2)Adding 1t/ha or 5t/ha biochar to soil improved nitrogen translocation from organs to grain before anthesis significantly.While adding 10t/ha biochar to soil obviously decresed the grain nitrogen,adding 1t/ha biochar had effect on improving grain nitrogen accumulation,but the effect wsa not notable.Biochar has positive effect on promoting non-structural carbohydrates content of wheat,so it improved carbon content level in grain.When the amount of biochar up to 10t/ha,it has significant influence on promoting non-structural carbohydrates content of grain.Adding 1t/ha or 10t/ha biochar improved the sink index,wet gluten and development time obviously.In other words,it improved the rub resistance and gluten strength of dough.Biochar has positive effect on increasing amylose content of grain.Adding 1t/ha or 5t/ha biochar to soil improved wheat globin,glutelin and crude protein content of wheat grain.The grain protein content reduced with the iincreasing amout of biochar.In summary,adding 1t/ha biochar to soil can improved the nutrirional and processing quality of wheat grain.(3)Adding 1t/ha or 5t/ha biochar to soil did not increase the carbon(organic carbon)or nirtrogen(niteamine nitrogen,total nitrogen,available nitrogen)obviouly any more,while adding 10t/ha biochar to soil improved niteamine nitrogen,total nitrogen and organic carbon significantly.Adding 1t/ha or 5t/ha biochar to soil four years ago had no significant influence on improving amoA gene abundence,while adding 10t/ha biochar to soil improved amoA gene abundence in jointing stage and anthesis.Biochar can improve nirS gene abundence.The amoA gene has obvious correlation with organic carbon content,while the nirS gene has significant correlation with total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen and organic carbon content.