Investigation On The Main Diseases And Pests On Carya Illinoensis In Shaoxing And The Research Of IPM

Carya illinoensis is deciduous trees in the genus Carya Nutt,family Juglandaceae,and originally from the United States and Mexico.Carya illinoensis,which is highly adaptable,has straight trunk,beautiful canopy,developed root.Carya illinoensis provides both nut and wood.The nut of Carya illinoensis is not only used directly for food which has profuse nutrition,but it also can extract edible oil.The wood of Carya illinoensis is a kind of tough material,the clarity of texture,that is good raw materials to produce furniture.Carya illinoensis not only has more important social economic value,but it also is preferred tree species of Plain Greening.In recent years the diseases and pests on Carya illinoensis have been on the increase along with the constantly expand of planting scale.It is restricting the dry fruit yields and the development of the industry.Chinese scholars have studied Carya illinoensis focusing on biological characteristics,cultivation method,extraction of substance and so on.But,being lack of systematic research all the way,the report of diseases and insect pests is usually neglected.In order to promote the development of Carya illinoensis industry,this thesis study the main diseases and pests on Carya illinoensis in Shaoxing,the evaluation of the hazard ranking,and the prevention methods,by means of census of diseases and insect pests,research on biological characteristics,molecular biology in microbiological laboratories,pesticides control and so on.Main contributions of this work are as follows:1.List of major diseases and insect pestsSixty-two pests including 59 species of insect pests and 3 diseases were found in Shaoxing.The most dangerous pests were pecan nut black spot disease,Anoplophora chinensis and Phylloxera notabilis.2.Identify a new diseaseThe survey found a new disease on fruit called pecan nut black spot disease.The pathogen of pecan nut black spot was identified as Pestalotiopsis microspora based on Koch's postulates,morphological characteristics and rDNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequences.3.Chemical control testsThere are different effects on five chemicals against pecan nut black spot.The averageeffectivenesses of chemical control tests were between 54 and 87%.The best control efficacy is1500 times diluted 75% navito(trifloxystrobin & tebuconazole)WDG which is 89% in field trial,and the second best is 1000 times diluted 48% sera(thiophanate-methyl & tebuconazole)WP which is 85%.4.Establish the program to integrated pest management-IPMBy using preventive measures of strict plant quarantine,monitoring early warning,forest tending,elimination of pathogen,chemical control,we set up the system of IPM.Pecan nut black spot disease,Anoplophora chinensis and Phylloxera notabilis are the targeted subjects for the main insect pests control.The treatment strategy is based on tree-trunk injection to control Anoplophora chinensis and controling pecan nut black spot disease in the young fruit period along with controlling Phylloxera notabilis being affiliated method.