Change Of Reproductive Endocrine And Screening Of Pituitary MiRNA In Pubertal Goat

Puberty is an important transitional period of obtaining reproductive capacity for mammals.The early or late of puberty onset have an effect on animals reproduction,which can affect the economic benefit directly.As reported,the mechanism underlying the onset of puberty is still poorly understood,and associated with genetic factors,environmental factors,neuroendocrine factors and their interactions.Genetic factors and endocrine factors are the basis of influencing the puberty.The changes of reproductive hormones and expression of mi RNA in pituitary of Anhuai goats were detected in this study,and it will provide a scientific theoretical basis for exploring the mechanism of the onset of puberty.The blood,pituitary,and ovary were obtained from prepubertal and punertal goats,We measured the concentrations of luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P4)in the blood using ELISA,respectively.The ovary was made into paraffin sections for HE staining,and monitored under optical microscope.Otherwise,RNA-seq analyses of pituitary were performed to detected the mi RNA associated with the puberty.Signaling pathway and biological function of the predicted target genes were performed Go(Gene Ontogy)and KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genoms),the results are as follows:(1)As the histological structure of the ovaries shows,primitive follicle,primary follicle,and secondary follicle were all observed in prepubertal and pubertal ovaries.Particularly,the larger growth follicles were observed in pubertal goats.(2)The hormone changes of LH and FSH in serum were consistent,and up to peak in 2.25 M and 5M.E2,at the peak of 2.75 M and 5M,was significantly higher than the close phase(P<0.05);P4 peaked at the 5.25 M,and was notably higher than other months(P<0.05).(3)Our results showed 476 mi RNAs differentially expressed between prepubertal and pubertal goats,including 446 mi RNAs expressed in both periods,17 mi RNAs only expressed in pubertal goat,and 13 mi RNAs only expressed in prepubertal goats.(4)A total of 4 mi RNAs were significant differentially expressed between pubertal and prepubertal goats(P< 0.05),including 3 up-regulated and one down-regulated mi RNA.(5)Go Enrichment analysis showed several target genes of mi RNAs participated in the process of cell metabolism,membranes,and combinations of biological processes.KEGG correlation pathway analysis showed that oxytocin signaling pathway,Gn RH signaling pathway,estrogen signaling pathway,c AMP signaling pathway,and other pathways associated with puberty were significantly enriched(P< 0.05).Conclusion:(1)The time of Anhuai goats puberty is about 5 M.(2)There is some regularity in concentrations of LH,FSH,E2 and P4 of goats,and the levels of them increase markedly during 1.5~2.25 M and 4.75~5M,but P4 increases during 5~5.25M(P<0.05).(3)Our results demonstrated the differences expression mi RNAs in prepubertal and pubertal goats pituitary,and 4 significant differentially expressed mi RNAs is screened out.(4)As the results of Go and KEGG enrichment analysis showed,mi RNA target genes participated in several pathways associated with puberty.