Effects Of Fibre Source And Enzyme Addition On The Apparent Digestibility Of Nutrients In Pigs And Comparisions On Qualitative And Quantitative Characterization Of Dietary Nsp Between Nmr Method And GC Method

This study was subject to evaluate the effects of fibrous source and non-starch polysaccharides enzyme addation on the apparent digestibility of crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE),starch,organic matter(OM)at proximal duodenum(ADD),distal ileum(AID)and total digestive tract(ATTD)of pigs,and their physicochemical properties as well,furthermore to compare the digestive characteristic of plant cell wall components from different fiber source by two-dimensional 1H-13C hetero-nuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(2D NMR HSQC)in cannulated growing pigs.Expt.1.Effects of fibrous source and CXP multi-enzyme on digestibility of nutrition and physicochemical propertiesAfter supplementing an enzyme mixture in the 2 basal diets(rice bran-based diet,RB and broccoli-based diet,BR),one of 4 test diets(RB and enzyme added WB,BR and enzyme added BR)was allotted to 2 of 8 male growing pigs that were surgically fitted with T-shape cannulas at proximal duodenum and distal ileum simultaneously,according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design.Additive levels of CXP multi-enzyme were as follows:cellulase 1000 U/kg,xylanase 5000 U/kg and phytase 1500 U/kg.Each experiment contained four periods,with 14-d adaptation period and 6-d sampling period.Feed,duodenal,ileal digesta and feces were collected to measure the relevant indexes.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fibrous source and multi-enzyme supplementation on the apparent digestibility of CP,EE,starch,OM and minerals at proximal duodenum,distal ileum and total digestive tract of pigs,and physicochemical properties of proximal duodenum and distal ileum digesta including viscosity,water binding capacity(WBC)and pH value as well.The results showed as follows:WBC of duodenal and ileal digesta in RB diet were significantly lower than that in BR diet(P<0.05),but the viscosity of duodenal and ileal digesta was generally higher than that in BR diet,pH values of feces in RB diet were significantly lower than that in BR diet(P<0,05).ADD of CP and Ash in RB diet were significantly higher than that in BR diet(P<0.05),the same to AID of EE,Starch and ATTD of CP,EE,OM.On the contrary,AID and ATTD of Ash was significantly lower than that in BR diet(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of Ca,P,Mg in different digestive tract of pig in BR diet were higher than that in RB diet,and AID and ATTD of P,Mg had significant difference between the two diets(P<0.05).AID of Ca,P,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn in BR diet were generally higher than that in RB diet.CXP multi-enzyme significantly reduced WBC of duodenal and ileal digesta in BR diet(P<0.05)and pH values of feces in the two diets,but significantly improved viscosity of duodenal and ileal digesta in the two diets(P<0.05).With the help of supplementing an enzyme mixture,the digestibility of nutrients in foregut were enhanced,but it was none effect on hindgut.AID of Ca,P,Mg,Cu,Zn and ATTD of P,Mg,Fe,Cu,Zn significantly improved with the help of CXP muti-enzyme(P<0.05).From the above:Not only physicochemical properties of duodenal and ileal digesta but also digestibility of nutrients in digestive tract of pig were under the influence of fiber types.The apparent digestibility of CP,EE and OM based on the RB diet were higher than that of based on BR diet,but the apparent digestibility of Ash and main minerals were lower than the latter.CXP muti-enzyme addation improved the apparent digestibility of nutrients at distal ileum,which meant that small intestine was the place where enzyme addation mostly play an important role in digestive tract of pig.Expt.2.Comparisions on qualitative and quantitative characterization of dietary non starch polysaccharides between nuclear magnetic resonance method and wet chemical methodThe second study was the same to the first one except for diets,the diets were as follows:wheat bran basal diet(WB),soybean hulls basal diet(SB),rice bran basal diet(RB)and broccoli basal diet(BR),respectively.The aim of this experiment was to explore an additional qualitative and quantitative methold for NSP with the NMR technology,through this way,it was shown that the digestibility of different linkages residues of NSP from different fibrous diets in digestive tract of pigs,furthmore,consequences by this way were compared with the results determined by the traditional method of acid hydrolysis-chromatography.The results showed as follows:Linkage types of polysaccharide residues was different in diverse fiber source.Most linkage types of Ara,Glc,Xyl residues were uniform in four basal diets.But linkage types of some monosaccharide residues were unique,for example,(1?4)?-D-Xylp existed only in WB and RB diet,Manp(I)only in wheat bran diet,and(1?4)?-D-Manp,(1?4)a-D-Manp(R),(1?4)a-D-G1cA and some other uronic acid residues only existed SB and BR diet.Glycosidic bonds of Ara residues in WB and RB diet were more complicated than that of SB and BR diet.The tendency of monosaccharide residues mole ratio from feed,ileal digesta and feces were the same between results tested by the two methods.Correlation coefficients of the two results were high except for Gal(P=0.421)residues in WB diet.Initial degradation site of different linkage types of sugar residues were influenced by diverse fiber source,and that large intestine was the principal site of NSP digestion,however,most of the alpha configuration Ara,Xyl,Gal,Glc residues began to be degraded and absorpted in the small intestine of pigs.The results indicate that WB and RB were of high similarity in fiber components,so as the same with SB and BR diets.Two kinds of methods have themselves advantages and disadvantages in the aspect of quantitative non-starch polysaccharides.Digestion and degradation of different monosaccharide residues or even different linkage types of.the same kind of sugar residues were under the influence of fiber types.