The Soil Quality Status And Assessment Of Different Forest Types In Main Mountainous Regions In Shandong Province

With the increasing role of forest soil in forest ecosystems,more attention had been paid to the study of forest soil quality.In this paper,through the investigation,sampling and measurement of soil under different forest types in main mountainous region of Shandong Province,the statuses of soil physical,chemical and biological properties of different soil profile level were discussed and analyzed.Combining the soil quality index with pricipal component analysis aims to evaluate the soil quality of different forest types in main mountainous region and to establish the forest soil database of Shandong Province.The main results are as follows:(1)Generally,forest soil density increased with the soil depth in different mountainous areas,and soil total porosity changes were opposite;different forest types soil non-capillary porosity increased with soil depth,while decreased with the increase of soil depth in Taishan Mountain and Laoshan Mountain;different forest soil maximum moisture capacity of Taishan Mountain decreases with the increase of soil depth,the other forests were opposite.(2)In addition to Platycladus oriental of the Taishan Mountain is alkaline soil,other forests soil types are acidic soil;different forests soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen and available potassium content showed a tendency of decrease with the increase of soil depth,showing the phenotypic characteristics of soil nutrients;Pinus tabulaeformis × Alnus Sibirica and Platycladus oriental forests soil of Mount Tai total potassium content was in significantly increase with soil depth deepening,and there was no obvious regularity of soil total phosphorus content with soil layer changes.;In the type of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus tabulaeformis × Platycladus orientalis forests,the soil available phosphorus content significantly reduced with the increase of soil depth.In Quercus variabilis,pinus thunbergii × Quercus variabilis and Pinus tabuliformis forests,the total potassium content showed a increase tendency with soil depth deepening;That Quercus variabilis forest soil layer in 0-20 cm,the total potassium content was the highest,and Pinus tabuliformisin soil layer in 0-20 cm rapidly available potassium content was the highest;Pinus densiflor forest 0-20 cm layer soil total phosphorus and effective phosphorus content are the highest.Laoshan Larix kaempferi forests soil total potassium content was significantly different among different soil layers;Robinia pseudoacacia forests soil available phosphorus content had significant difference among different soil layers.Different forest stands of KunYu Mountain soil total potassium content had no significant changes with the increase of soil depth,significant difference was found in Pinus densiflora and Cunninghamia lanceolata forests with the increase of soil total phosphorus content;the remaining 3 stands effective phosphorus content raised with the increase of soil depth except for Cunninghamia lanceolata forest.(3)Except for the Robinia pseudoacacia,Pinus tabulaeformis × Platycladus orientalis,and Alnus Sibirica forests,the rest 4 kinds of forest soil enzyme such as urease,catalase,sucrase,and phosphatase activities showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth in Mount Tai.5 kinds of forest types in Mengshan Mountain soil urease and invertase activity showed nagtive relation with deepening overall trend,in addition to Pinus thunbergii × Quercus variabilis forests,other 4 kinds of forest soil phosphatase activity decreased with soil depth deepening.In addition to the soil invertase,the rest of the 3 kinds of soil enzyme activities of different forest in KunYu Mountain decreased with the increase of soil depth.Different forest soil urease,sucrase,phosphatase,catalase activity of Laoshan Mountain showed the trend of decrease with soil depth deepening.(4)The result of comprehensive assessment of soil quality showed that there were significant differences in soil quality between different forest types in main mountainous region of Shandong Province and also some differences among the same forest types.The comprehensive index of soil quality in Mount Tai is as below: Pinus tabulaeformis × Alnus Sibirica > Platycladus > Platycladus orientalis × Sophora japonica > Robinia pseudoacacia > Pinus tabulaeformis > Pinus tabulaeformis × Platycladus orientalis > Pinus densiflora × Platycladus orientalis;and that of Mengshan Mountain is: Pinus thunbergii × Quercus variabilis > Pinus densiflora > Larix kaempferi > Quercus variabilis > Pinus tabuliformis;that of Laoshan Mountain is : Robinia pseudoacacia > Larix kaempferi > Pinus tabuliformis;Kunyu Mountain: Larix kaempferi > Quercus mongolica×Larix kaempferi > Cunninghamia lanceolata > Pinus densiflora.