| The national ecological protection comprehensive experimental area of the Source Region of Three Rivers (SRTR) is the birthplace of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River River and Lancang River. The grassland of SRTR accounted for 82% of the total area,grassland ecosystem is the main ecological system, not only for humans to provide all kinds of products, also provides the windproof, clean air and maintain the ecological function of great biodiversity etc.. In the interaction between 'human activities and natural conditions, the ecological environment in the source area of Sanjiang continues to deteriorate, how to play the grassland ecosystem value, the establishment of green GDP accounting system has become a hotspot for scholars and decision-makers concerned.The traditional static model can not meet the requirement of dynamic estimation of grassland ecosystem value, but the use of multi-scale remote sensing technology takes full account of the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of grassland ecosystem service value. This paper from the perspective of remote sensing, vegetation coverage, grass yield and soil erosion and other ecological parameters and food production, gas regulation,water conservation, erosion control function, econometric method using the physical and value combination, according to the different types of grassland in 2014 in the source region of Sanjiang grassland ecosystem system service function can estimate the value of the distribution of the value of space analysis, has important significance in the area of grassland sustainable development and ecological compensation decision etc.. The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The total ecosystem service value of grassland ecosystem in Sanjiang source area in 2014 was 1762.82* 108 yuan /a. In the four functions of the total value, the contribution rate of erosion control function was the highest, which was 51%, followed by gas regulation (39.31%), food production (6.56%) and water conservation (3.14%).Indirect service function is 14 times the direct value.(2) Unit of grassland ecosystem in the source region of Sanj iang services distribution area is very large, mainly concentrated in the 2000-6000 yuan / ha, the highest reached 1 8000 yuan / hm2, the mean value of the service function of unit area is 5410.20 yuan /ha, showed a decreasing trend from south to north.(3)The contribution rate of erosion control function is the highest in the total of the service functions of the total value of 51%. followed by gas regulation (39.31%), food production (6.56%), water conservation (3.14%). Erosion control, gas regulation, water conservation, these three indirect service functions are 14 times the value of food production, the indirect ecological value of grassland ecosystems can not be ignored.(4) Because of the difference of grassland type and grassland growth in different regions, the service value of unit area is far away. In the state, county, basin scale, the highest price for the Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Zhidoi county and Lancang valley. The unit price of each service function in the National Nature Reserve is greater than that of the protected area.(5) The quality parameters of grassland ecosystem in the source region of Sanjiang are the basis of value estimation, which directly affect the size and distribution of value.The average vegetation coverage was 52.13%, mainly in high coverage, accounted for 32.6%, distributed in the southeast region; the mean yield was 2094.75 kg / ha, spatial distribution presents low East West pattern; mean soil loss is 6048.337 tons / square kilometers, the erosion condition of micro degree, accounting for 43.12% of the total area,but moderate and above erosion area accounted for 26.08%, mainly distributed in the Northwest region.(6) In order to maintain the sustainable development of Sanjiang grassland ecological system, improve the service value of erosion control, water conservation, gas regulation, the indirect value can not be ignored; erosion control is the service function of the largest contribution rate, therefore should focus on controlling soil erosion status;Lowland Meadow should strengthen the protection and increase its area. Protection and management of grassland should be adapted to local conditions. |
PDF Full Text Request