Study On Maize Hybrids Screening And Its Yield-Related Sites And Allelic Variations

In this study,13 maize inbred lines were arranged in 42 hybrid combinations by NC.design.The heteros is of maize parent-child phenotypic phenotype was studied by examining 9 phenotypic agronomic traits,analyzing the genetic differences between parents and hybrids,such as heterosis and GCA and SCA.On the other hand,we use the SSR molecular marker,single marker regression analysis,to study the allele effect which is associated with yield of maize,and then mining the elite allelic variation gene,so as to realize the analysis of excellent maize crosses yield of heterozygous loci.We have studied the heterosis of the characters of the parent and their offspring,and analyzed the related loci of maize yield.We also analyzed the genotype values and studyed the allele variation of the maize high yield combination.To provide the theoretical basis for others to understand the heterosis of maize and maize gene polymerization.The main findings are as follows:1.Analysis of the combining ability of parent and hybrid combinations showed:P4,P5,P8,P10,P12 had better performance in general combining ability;P1×P10,P2×P7,P3XP9,P3×P13,P4×P10,P5×P12,P6×P10,P6×P13t special combining ability is higher.2.Super parent heterosis of Yield Related Traits of PP8×P4.P9xP5,P10×P1.P10×P4,P12×P4,P12xP5,P13×P5,P13×P6 combination is prominent.3.Analysis of SSR molecular marker detected 243 differences in allele loci,each primer detected 2-11 alleles,the average value is 5.1,PIC valued 0.77.4.Under the three planting densities,17 yield-related loci were detected,and the coefficient of yield determination was 0.40?0.66.5.From 17 distinctly correlated SSR markers,There is 7 excellent gene loci with high additive and dominant effect were selected,which werebnlg1083,phi075,phi085,phi116,umc1015,umc1861,umc2007.And 7 excellent allelic mutations were screened put.which were bnlg1083-A3,bnlg1083-A4,phi075-A4,phill6-A5,umc1015-A5.umc1861-A3,unmc2007-A2.And 5 excellent heterozygous sites were selected,which were bnlg1083-A2/4,phi075-A4/7,umc2007-A2/4,umc2007-A2/5,phi075-A4/7 ruspectively.In the relevant loci,the additive locus was more than the heterozygous locus,and the genotype value of the heterozygous locus was greater than the additive effect.6.P4,P5,P10,P12 carried more positive additive gene loci,they had a great effect of yield.The combination of P4×P10,P4×P12,P5×P9,P5×P12,P5×P13,P1×P10,P6×P11 had the highest yield,the high-yield hybrid combinations have more hetero-zygous sites.