| The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of Artemisia ordosica aqueous extract(AOE)in diets on antioxidative and immune function in broilers and the expression of related genes.A total of 160 Arbor Acre(AA)broilers were selected and randomly divided into 5 treatments with 4 replications per treatment and 8 broilers per replication(half male and half female).Broilers in the control treatment were fed basal diet,and those in the other treatments were fed the basal diets supplemented with 250,500,1000,2000 mg/kg AOE,respectively.The feeding trial lasted for 28 d(15?42 days of age).The sample of serum and tissues was collected at the age of 28 and 42.1.The first part of the study is about the effects of AOE on antioxidative function in broilers and the expression of related genes.It was conducted to determine the activity of antioxidant enzymes in serum and tissue homogenate in broilers,as well as the mRNA relative expression of antioxidant enzymes in tissue homogenate of broiler chickens.The results showed that:(1)With the increasing of AOE additive,at the age of 28 days,the activity of CAT in serum showed a quadratic(P=0.012)increase,and the concentration of MDA showed a linear(P=0.032)or a quadratic(P=0.040)decrease.(2)With the increasing of AOE additive,at the age of 28 days,the activity of GSH-Px,SOD in liver showed a linear(P=0.046;P=0.042)increase,and the activity of T-AOC showed a linear(P=0.001)or quadratic(P=0.002)increase,and the concentration of MDA showed a quadratic(P=0.033)decrease;at the age of 42 days,the activity of GSH-Px,CAT in liver showed a quadratic(P=0.015:P=0.037)increase and the activity of SOD showed a linear(P=O.017)increase.(3)With the increasing of AOE additive,at the age of 28 days,the activity of SOD and T-AOC in duodenum and the activity of GSH-Px in ileum showed a quadratic(P=0.016;P=0.038;P=0.006)increase,and the activity of T-AOC in ileum showed a linear(P<0.001)or quadratic(P<0.002)increase;at the age of 28 days,the activity of CAT,SOD,T-AOC in duodenum and GSH-Px,SOD in jejunum and GSH-Px,CAT,SOD in ileum showed a quadratic(P=0.038;P=0.046;P=0.046;P=0.013;P=0.022;P=0.030;P=0.036;P=0.032)increase.The activity of T-AOC in ileum showed a linear(P=0.045)or quadratic(P=0.049)increase and the concentration of MDA in ileum showed a linear(P=0.024)decrease.(4)With the increasing of AOE additive,at the age of 42 days,the activity of SOD,T-AOC of breast showed a linear(P=0.001;P<0.001)or quadratic(P=0.003;P<0.001)increase.(5)With the increasing of AOE additive,at the age of 28 days,the mRNA relative expression of CAT in duodenum showed a linear(P=0.005)or quadratic(P=0.017)increase,and the mRNA relative expression of SOD in duodenum and GSH-Px in ileum showed a quadratic(P=0.021;P=0.010)increase.At the age of 42 days,the mRNA relative expression of GSH-Px in spleen showed a linear(P=0.003)or quadratic(P=0.015)increase and the mRNA relative expression of CAT in spleen showed a linear(P=0.033)or quadratic(P=0.042)increase,and the mRNA relative expression of SOD showed quadratic(P=0.009)increase.2.In the second part of the study,we explored the effect of AOE on immune functions in broilers.In this part,the concentrations of IL-1?,IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IFN-?,TNF-? and the antibody titer against Newcastle disease in serum were determined.The results showed that with the increasing of AOE additive,at the age of 28 days,the concentrations of IL-1?,IL-2,IL-6 and TNF-? showed a quadratic(P=0.017;0.015;0012;0.015)increase,and the antibody titer against Newcastle disease showed a linear(P<0.001)or quadratic(P<0.001)increase.At the age of 42 days,the concentrations of IL-1?,IL-6,TNF-? showed a quadratic(P=0.023;P=0.022;P=0.015)increase and the antibody titer against Newcastle disease showed a linear(P=0.031)increase.3.In the third part of our study,we determined the NO content and iNOS activity in serum as well as the mRNA relative expression of iNOS in tissue homogenate.The results showed that:(1)With the increasing of AOE additive,at the age of 28 days,the concentrations of NO showed a linear(P=0.011)or quadratic(P=0.004)increase.At the age of 42 days,the concentrations of NO showed a linear(P=0.039)increase.The activity of iNOS showed a linear(P=0.029)or quadratic(P=0.041)increase.(2)With the increasing of AOE additive,at the age of 28 days,the mRNA relative expression of iNOS in the liver showed a linear(P=0.010)or quadratic(P=0.026)increase,and in duodenum showed a linear(P<0.001)or quadratic(P<0.001)increase,and in the jejunum showed a linear(P=0.046)increase,and in ileum showed a quadratic(P<0.001)increase.At the age of 42 days,the mRNA relative expression of iNOS in jejunum showed a linear(P<0.001)or quadratic(P<0.001)increase,and the mRNA relative expression of iNOS in ileum showed a quadratic(P=0.033)increase.From all the results above,AOE in diets could promote antioxidative and immune functions of broiler,and it may promote the immune function by its effect on NO regulation pathway. |
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