The Effect Of Intercropped Alfalfa On Winter Wheat Soil Nutrients,Soil Water And Land Economic Benefits

Wheat and alfalfa intercropping is an ideal mode of modern ecological agricult ure.In this planting mode the nitrogen fixation of alfalfa could improve the nutritional environme nt of crop rhizosphere,the yield and the quality of crop and the land utilization efficiency,thus increase farmers income.It also can make full use of and improvethe ecological environme nt resources in the field after the wheat harvest.That is by combining animal husbandry sidelineand agriculture organically and harmoniously to improve the economic benefits of growers and promote ecological balance,therefore realize production efficiency,economic benefit and ecological benefit common development.So the wheat and alfalfa intercropping system is of great significance and considerable prospect for China's wheat production and the goal of agricultural sustainable development.The study set up three field test modes of wheat unicast(XD),wheat and alfalfa intercropping(XMT)and alfalfa unicast(MD)in Dong Du,a vil age of Xiandi town,Yaodu District,Linfen city in Shanxi Province,and compared with the adjacent land(CK).It analyzed by outdoor and indoor test methods the soil moisture,soil nutrient,crop yield and economic benefits and using the SPSS model determining the simple descriptive statistical analysis and significance to analyze the influence of wheat and alfalfa intercropping on the indexes.The main results are as follows:(1)The stratification content and profile distribution of soil moisture within1 m depth ofthe three treatments.Soil moisture contents of the three treatmentswere lessin the early and late periodbut more in medium-term of cultivation.Forthe three processing modes and the control soil water is fluctuating increasing from the surface to the deep overallcultivation.For the stratification of soil water,the surface content of the three processing modeswere far lower than the deep soil.And the deep soil water content of MD is lower than that of the twoothers.The soil water consumption amount was CK>XD>XMT>MD.It shows that alfalfa can help maintain soil moisture in a certain degree and the wheat intercropping of alfalfa in wheat is conducive to the preservation of soil moisture in wheat root zoonand addmoisture.The test area isin a plain flat terrain and dominated by the wheat crop,considering the soil moisture alfalfa intercropping is feasible.(2)Soil organic matter and pH,nitrogen,phosphorus and kalium contents,stratification and profile distribution of 2m depth of the three treatments.Each level of CK organic matter content were greater than three treatments and t showed a profile of S.In 0~20 cm,the surface soil organic matter content of XD(20g/kg)is slightly higher than the other two treatments;in 0~60 cm was XD>XMT>MD,while the deep XMT organic matter content is more than XD(60-100 cm)and MD(150-200 cm).This can probably be explained by the wheat and alfalfa intercropping promotes the alfalfa's root distribution.pH value increases with depth deep down the soil,and the whole body is alkaline,there was no significant difference between treatments and The soil total nitrogen content of three processing modes in the surface of 0~ 20 cm had no significant difference.That of MD and XMT in the 20~60 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that of the underlying XD;available nitrogen content accounted for the whole section 1/4.It shows that interplanting alfalfa is not only conducive to improve the 20~150 cm depth of soil nitrogen fertility,but also to reduce deep soil nitrogen loss problem at the bottom.After a consumption of wheat in XMT and XD the content of available phosphorus in soil surface is close to 10mg/kg,in MD is only 6.4210 mg/kg,either for wheat or alfalfa are manifested as phosphorus deficiency.It il ustrates in these three kinds of processing mode us ing in the production practice of phosphate fertilizer has the necessity and the great possibility.The wheat and alfalfa intercropping system will make the whole profile of soil potassium consumption ratio be optimized,so it can be applied less even no potash.(3)The growth of crops in wheat and alfalfa intercropping: Alfalfa in XMT was slightly higher than in the MD,but the yield is lower.When compared with CK,the spike number per hectare,grain number,1000 grain weight and yield of XD and four XMT were lower.But that of XD processing mode in these four indicators are slightly higher than XMT.XMT is divided into two parts of wheat and alfalfa,while the yield was composed of two parts,the crop growing on the ground is more advantageous,suitable for the cultivation of the local area.(4)Wheat and alfalfa intercropping economic benefit analysis: analysis and comparison in capital investment was XMT>MD>XD;yield comparison was MD>XMT>XD.Because wheat and alfalfa have different market prices,the production value and the net value were MD>XMT>XD.For the tested field is fertile and located in plainswith a large populatio n,land farming is suit for the main crop and not suitable for planting alfalfa in large area.While wheat and alfalfa intercropping,which not only provides food but also provide forage for animal husbandry development,implementation of local agriculture with the diversified businessis adapted to the local development.