Study On The Fine Root Dynamics Of Apple Trees And Relationship With Impact Factors Under Water Storage Pit Irrigation

Shanxi Province,as one of the main producing areas of apple in China,the planting scale of apple trees is increasing year by year,becoming the main economic source of fruit growers.The purpose of the fruit grower is to obtain a large number of high quality fruit,and the fruit growth needs fine roots to absorb the soil nutrients to provide nutrients,therefore,fine root growth and death is the fruit tree yield and fruit quality one of the important factors,There are many factors that affect the growth and death of fine roots.Soil moisture and temperature are two of the main factors.As a new method of applicable orchard irrigation,under water storage pit irrigation method the moisture distribution in the soil deep,inducing root deep to absorb more soil water and nutrients,which affect the yield and fruit quality of fruit trees.Fine roots(diameter is less than or equal to 2 mm)is the main organ that absorb water and nutrient for fruit trees growing.In this study,the water storage pit was filled with water(treament 2)and stressed irrigation(treament 3,treament 4)and the surface irrigation(treament 1)was used as the control,and the changes of soil moisture and temperature under differenttreatments were monitored.The microbial root system was used to study the whole growth period.Draw the following conclusions:1.The growth and death of fine roots under the treatments varied with time.The time of the first fine root growth peak was the same,and the time of the second fine root growth peak was earlier than the surface irrigation.Under water storage pit irrigation different processing of fine root growth peak in May belongs to germination stage and July belongs to branch shooting stage,treament 2 was the biggest,moreover treament 3 was similar to treamengt 4 in May,treament 3 was greater than treament 4 in July;surface irrigation peak in May belongs to germination stage and August belongs to fruit expanding stage.There are two peaks in the death of the root of water storage pit irrigation,while the surface irrigation has only one peak.Under water storage pit irrigation of death appeared in June belongs to fruit expanding stage and August belongs to fruit expanding stage,treament 2 was the greatest,treament 3 was greater than treamengt 4 in June,there was only one peak under surface irrigation in August belongs to fruit expanding stage,treament 2 was the greatest,treament 3 was greater than treamengt 1,treamengt 4 was the least.2.The processing of fine root growth and death changed in different soil depth.The two kinds of irrigation methods showed a change trend of fine root production and mortality increased with the depth of soil layer.The growth and death of fine root of surface irrigation in shallow soil were higher,and the root growth and death of water storage pit irrigation were higher in middle and deepsoil.Under surface irrigation fine root growth and death were mainly concentrated in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil depth,of which 20-40 cm was greater,the largest annual production was 40.06% of the total soil,the largest annual mortality was 23.14% of the total soil.Under water storage pit irrigation fine root growth and death were mainly concentrated in 40-60 cm and 60-80 cm soil depth,of which the production was greater in 40-60 cm,the largest annual production of treament 2 was 31.59% of the total soil,was 2.62 times that of treament 1;treament 3 was 27.35% of the total soil,was 1.69 times that of treament 1;treament 4 was 27.56% of the total soil,was 1.52 times that of treament 1.Under water storage pit irrigation the mortality was greater in60-80 cm,the largest annual mortality of treament 2 was 29.73% of the total soil,was 2.63 times that of treament 1;treament 3 was 28.45% of the total soil,was2.93 times that of treament 1;treament 4 was 27.96% of the total soil,was 2.92 times that of treament 1.3.Fine root growth and death are affected by their own factors and environmental factors.Soil moisture and temperature had effects on the growth and death of fine roots,but the effect of soil moisture on fine root growth was higher than that of soil temperature.The effect of soil temperature on fine root death was higher than that of soil moisture.The peak value of fine root growth was higher than that of shoot growth,and the peak value of fine root was basically the same as that of shoot growth.