| To study the effects of different microbial metabolites on growth performance,blood biochemical parameters,immune function and cecal microflora in broilers(Lactic acid bacteria culture:LC,Yeast Culture:YC),In this study,broilers were used as animal breeding models,using 2(100ppb aflatoxin B1 and 0)× 3(three kinds of dietary treatment)full factor test design,the 384 7-day-old AA broilers which are healthy and similar in physical condition were assigned to 6 treatment group randomly,Fed separately,control group(A:0.8‰LC + 1.8‰YC ?A1:0.6‰LC + 1.8‰YC ? A2:0.8‰LC + 1.6‰YC),test group(NA:0.8‰LC + 1.8‰YC +100ppbAFB1 ? NA1:0.6‰LC + 1.8‰YC + 100ppbAFB1 ? NA2:0.8‰LC + 1.6‰YC +100ppbAFB1),each treatment was 4 replicates with each repeated 16 chickens.The trial period was 21 days and all the broilers were sampled at the age of 21 days.The results of the test are as follows:Chapter 1: the effects of different microbial metabolites on the growth performance,blood biochemical indexes and immune function of broilers were studied.Growth performance: The average daily feed intake in group A was significantly higher than that in group A1(P <0.05),and the average daily feed intake in NA1 and NA2 were significantly higher than that in group NA(P <0.05).The feed conversion ratio of group NA1 was significantly higher than that in group NA(P <0.05);The average daily feed intake in group A was significantly higher than that in group NA(P<0.05),the average daily feed intake in group A1 was significantly lower than that in group NA1(P<0.05),The feed conversion ratioof challenge groupA1 was significantly higher than that in group NA1(P<0.05);AFB1 and the additive factor had a significant effect on the ADFI of broilers(P <0.05).Blood biochemical indicators: GLU and UREA of group A1 was significantly higher than that of group A2(P<0.05).The level of GLU?TP?ALP in group NA was significantly higher than that in group NA1(P <0.05).The level of GLU in group NA was significantly higher than that in group A(P <0.05),and TP in group A and A1 was significantly higher than that in group NA and group NA1(P <0.05).The ALP of the control group was significantly lower than that of the test group(P <0.05).The AFB1,additive all have the significant effect on the GLU?UR-EA?ALB?TP?ALP(P<0.05),and the AFB1,additive also have the significant effect on the interaction effect between ALU and UREA and TP(P <0.05).Blood immune indexes: The levels of IgA in group A1 were significantly higher than those in group A and A2(P <0.05).IgG in group A and A1 was significantly higher than that in group A2(P <0.05).IgG in group NA2 and NA1 were significantly higher than that in group NA(P <0.05.IgA in group A and A1 was significantly higher than that in group NA and NA1(P <0.05).IgG in group A was significantly higher than that in group NA(P <0.05).The AFB1 has the obvious effect on the amount of the IgG(P<0.05),and the additive has the significant effect on the amount of the IgA?IgG(P<0.05),and the interaction effect of additive and AFB1 on serum IgG was significant(P <0.05).Number of immune organs : The number of bursa of the group A was significantly higher t-han that of the group A1 and group A2(P<0.05),the thymus index group NA was significantl-y higher than that in group NA1 and group NA2(P <0.05).The thymus index of group A was si-gnificantly lower than that of group NA(P <0.05).The number of bursa of the group A was sig-nificantly higher than that of the group NA(P <0.05).Through out the study,the AFB1 has the obvious effect on the amount of the thymus index(P <0.05).The additive factors had an si gnifi-cant effect on the bursa index(P <0.05).Chapter 2: the effects of different microbial metabolites on the cecal microflora in broilers under stress.Volatile fatty acids: The contents of acetic acid and propionic acid in group A1 were signifi-cantly higher than those in group A(P <0.05).The total acid content of groupA1 was significan-tly higher than that of group A(P <0.05).The content of acetic acid and propionic acid and but-yric acid in group NA were significantly higher than those in group NA and group NA2(P < 0.05).The content of acetic acid and propionic acid and butyric acid in group A2 were signifi ca-ntly higher than those in group NA2(P<0.05),and the groupA1 were significantly higher than those in group NA1(P<0.05);The entire test period,the AFB1 had the obvious effect on the amount of acetic acid and propionic acid(P <0.05).The additive factors had significant e-ffects on acetic acid,propionic acid and total acid(P <0.05).The interaction effect between acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid was significant(P <0.05).Alpha diversity analysis:OTU,Chao1 and Shannon in group A2 were significantly higher than those in group A1(P> 0.05).OTU and Shannon in group A2 were significantly higher than those in group NA2(P> 0.05).The results showed that 5 strains were detected by NCBI similarity,followed by actinomycete,Bacteroides,Streptomyces ect.In the door classification level relative abundance is different,followed by thick-walled bacteria phylum> Proteus phylum> soft wall bacteria> actinomycete> Bacteroides door.However,due to actinomycete,the relative abundance of the bacilli door is low,so it is attributed to other bacteria.The results were as follows: Anaerotruncus,Anaeroplasma,Incertae Sedis,Butyricicoccus,Escherichia-Shigella,Lactobacillus,Faecalibacterium,Proteus,Streptococcus,Subdoligranulum,Blautia,were isolated from NCBI similarity.also uncovered uncultured-bacterium,uncultured,unknown and others. |
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