| The tea industry is one of the most important cornerstone industries in China.In Shandong province,it is a new industry which the basic research data is less than that in south of China.So,seven representative sites—Taidingqing tea plantation,Bixiachun tea plantation(A),Bixiaxiachun tea plantation(B),Songchen tea plantation Fudingdabai site,Songchen tea plantation Zhenkengmaojian site,Songchen tea plantation Pingyangtezao site,Songchen tea plantation farmer site—in Rizhao and Taian have been selected for an annual research.According to this research,we can write the catalogue of the tea pests,natural enemies of tea pests and population dynamics of main pests in tea plantations.The catalogue and population dynamics can provide an important basis for the prediction and pests control in tea plantation in Shandong province.In this survey,we also found Chrysoperla sinica had natural enemies followed phenomenon to Toxoptera aurantii in early spring.Therefore,we studied the predacious function of Ch.sinica Larvae to T.aurantii in laboratory,this study will provide effective data for biological control.In this survey we have identified :1.There were 31 kinds of insect pests and mites in Taian and Rizhao,which belongs to 2 Classes,8 Orders and 23 Families.Aleurocanthus spiniferus,Empoasca onukii,Thrips tabaci and T.aurantii were the main pests in tea plantation.2.Harmonia axyridis and Ch.sinica were the main natural enemies,and the spiders in tea plantation also had a significant effect on the pests.3.In Taian,there have been a peak occurrence of Thrips tabaci from mid September to mid October,during this period the temperature was between 5? and 25?.There were three occurrence peaks of Aleurocanthus spiniferus and the dynamic occurrence curve showed a decreasing trend and the adults could not be found after the beginning of November.There were also three peak occurrences of Empoasca onukii and the number curve showed an increasing trend.When the temperature was under 0 ?,the number of adults decreased rapidly.The dynamic occurrence curve of Cicadella viridis in Taidingqing was much higher than that of Bixiachun A area and B area.There have been lots of Penthimia theae from the beginning of July to August.At that time the temperature was between 20? and 38?,and with the decreasing of temperature,the population decreased rapidly.The dynamic occurrence curve of Dialeurodes citri in three different survey sites in Taian were almost the same from the mid of July to the mid of September.The dynamic occurrence curve of mites showed different trend on different tea species,the one on Fudingdaba showed a much lower trend than that on Aanjibaicha.The percentage of damaged leaves of Anjibaicha nearly reached 100% at the end of August.The dynamic occurrence curves of four survey sites in Rizhao showed different trends,the curve of Aleurocanthus spiniferus in farmer site was the highest,the curves of other pests in farmer site were lower.There were much more mites on Pingyangtezao than that on other tea varities.The tests were conducted in laboratory to evaluate the functional responses of the larvae of Ch.sinica to T.aurantii and the mutual interference among the 2nd instar larvae at 25?±1?.All the Ch.sinica larva(stage from 1st to 3rd)showed the Holling?functional response and the maximum predation of the 3 larva stages of Ch.sinica were 74,250 and 714 aphids,respectively.The mutual interference among the 2nd instar larvae could be simulated by the model of E=QP-m which was put forward by Hassell and Varley,and the model is E=0.3395P-0.3657,which indicated that the rate of predatory function of Ch.sinica decreases with the increasing of the 2nd larvae density.In the research of predatory behavior of Ch.sinica larva,we found that the resting time decreased with the increasing of age,the feeding time showed an increasing trend with the increasing of age. |
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