Study On The Effect Of Rape Roots On Post-harvest Maize Yield

Brassica Crops is a kind of oilseed crop which has a long history in China.In recent years,under the influence of intangible regulation of domestic and foreign market and the favorable subsidy policy of wheat and other staple crops,the peasants cultivated rape in different areas Enthusiasm,a serious threat to China’s grain and oil self-sufficiency rate and security.And the extent of the outbreak of crop soil-borne diseases such as maize and wheat,Therefore,how to balance the contradictions faced by rape and the dilemma of multi-cropping cultivation has become a hot research topic in our country at present.The root stubble left after harvest of rape is an important "fat medicine double effect" agricultural resource.The secondary metabolites in the rape tissue,glucoside,produce a volatile active substance,isothiocyanates,under the action of the black mustard enzyme,which has a cytotoxic effect on a variety of pathogens in the soil,The occurrence of disease.At the same time rape as a kind of crop crops can improve the soil environment,increase soil fertility.For a long time,rape is only an important oil crop and neglects its own biocontrol and nurseries.In view of this,this experiment was conducted to study the effect of rape stubble on fumigation in the control of maize soil and the effect on the soil fertility and microbiological characteristics of the crop after rape stubble-maize cultivation mode.Compared with the traditional The effect of wheat-maize cropping pattern on the multi-cropping pattern was studied,and the effect of rapeseed root stubble on the yield of post-crop was studied.In order to investigate the biofouling effect of rapeseed on soil-borne diseases and its application in multi-cropping high-yielding cropping pattern Application to provide theoretical basis.In this experiment,two kinds of rape treatments,maize and wheat stubble-maize,were used to study the effects of the two cultivars on the head smut and the pathogen of the rice sheath blight.The effects of root stubble on crop productivity,soil nutrient and microbial community and the inhibitory effect on crop soil transmission.The main results are as follows:1.The yield of maize was significantly higher than that of wheat stubble-maize cropping pattern.In the experiment of Xiangbei Farm and Gangu Experimental Station,the yield of maize was 5.6% ~ 7.8%,and the average yield of maize was 5.6% ~ 7.8%.The results showed that there were no significant differences in stem diameter,plant height,ear height and 1000-grain weight of maize under different stubble,and the effective panicle number of maize after cropping was significantly higher than that of wheat District.2.Soil tillage can improve soil fertility and change soil microbial characteristics.The soil nutrient changes in the tillage layer(0 ~ 20cm)showed that the content of available nitrogen and available phosphorus was increased by continuous rape stubble returning to field,and the content of soil organic matter increased significantly during the whole experiment period.Compared with the wheat-maize model,rape stubble-maize in this crop cultivation mode,rape can play the role of fertility.The number of fungi and molds in the soil increased significantly,and the number of actinomycetes was not significantly different,indicating that the effect of the rooting of the rape was significant From the fungal soil to bacterial soil,a change in the trend.3.The fumigation of rape and its root can reduce the incidence of corn sheath blight and head smut.The incidence of maize and soil-borne diseases was lower than that of wheat after cropping.The incidence of head smut was reduced by 16.28% and the disease index of sheath blight was reduced by 22.24% And the incidence of disease was decreasing year by year.The results showed that the fumigation of rape had a significant inhibitory effect on Rhizoctonia solani and Rhizoctonia solani,and the inhibitory effect of cotton brassica> Brassica napus L.> Rape straw> Wheat straw,this difference and treatment The content of glucosinolates in the material is related.4.In dryland maize producing areas,rape as a former crop is beneficial to achieve high yield,grain and oil,green and efficient.Compared with the traditional wheat-maize rotation model,the rape-maize rotation mode inhibited the growth and reproduction of crop-borne pathogens due to the bio-fumigation of rape,and the occurrence of maize soil transmission was less,and the roots of rape cultivation Activity and root stubble nutrition as organic fertilizer in the soil after degradation of plowing soil improved soil "soil",and ultimately increase the corn yield.