| The studies were carried out under cement pool condition during 2014-2016 growng seasons.Ai kang 58,a popular cultivated popularly in Henan,was used in the experiment.The experiment was was designed with four kinds of soil types(sandy soil,black soil,cinnamon soil and fluvo aquic soil)and two irrigation regimes with water supply 45 mm each time(W0,no irrigation;W2,irrigation twice at jointing and booting stage),adding two irrigation treatments in the fluvo aquic conditions(W1,irrigation once at jointing stage;W3 irrigation three times at jointing and booting stage andfilling stages).to study the effects of the accumulation and translocation of soil nutrients in different types,water use characteristics,yield and quality.The main results were as follows: 1.Soil nutrients and physical properties in different soil typesThe soil organic matter decreased in the four kinds of soil types in the order: black soil> fluvo-aquic soil >cinnamon soil> sandy soil,compared with sandy soil,the organic matter content for black soil increased by 54.4%(2014)and 53.9%(2015).While the contents of total N,available P and available K in the soil were as follows,fluvo-aquic soil > black soil>cinnamon soil> sandy soil.Soil bulk density decreased in the four kinds of soil in the order: sandy soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > fluvo-aquic soil.Soil 0-40 cm in different types of soil,more than 1mm particles in water stable aggregates was black soil> fluvo-aquic soil> cinnamon soil > sandy soil.soil 0-40 cm of different types of soil compaction was black soil > cinnamon soil > fluvo-aquic soil > sand soil.Correlation analysis showed that soil physical properties and nutrient status were significantly related to wheat yield and protein.2.Effects of irrigation on dry matter accumulation and translocation of winter wheat under different soil typesThe leaf area index and dry matter accumulation in different types of soil were fluvo-aquic soil > black soil>cinnamon soil> sandy soil,During the jointing stage,compared with sandy soil,the leaf area coefficient and the accumulation of dry matter for fluvo-aquic soil increased by 43.9%,25.6%(2014-2015)and 37.8%,24%(2015-2016),respectively.Dry matter translocation amount in vegetativeor organs before anthesis and dry matter accumulation amount after anthesis,compared with sandy soil,dry matter translocation amount in vegetativeor organs before anthesis and dry matter accumulation amount after anthesis for fluvo-aquic soil increased by 22.2%,16.7%,17.4%,9.4%(2014-2015)and 40.8%,22.3%,30.9%,10.1%(2015-2016).Irrigation increased the leaf area coefficient,dry matter accumulation,dry matter translocation amount in vegetativeor organs before anthesis,dry matter accumulation amount after anthesis,but decreased dry matter translocation ratio in vegetativeor organs before anthesis and contribution of dry matter translocation amount in vegetativeor organs to grains bfore anthesis.3.Effects of irrigation on nitrogen accumulation,translocation and utilization in winter wheat under different soil typesThe nitrogen accumulation,partial factor productivity of applied,nitrogen uptake efficiency were fluvo-aquic soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > sandy soil;Nitrogen translocation amount in vegetativeor organs before anthesis were fluvo-aquic soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > sandy soil,compared with sandy soil,the nitrogen translocation amount in vegetativeor organs before anthesis for fluvo-aquic soil increased by20.6%(2014-2015)and 20.9%(2015-2016);Nitrogen translocation ratio and its contribution rate to grain in vegetativeor organs before anthesis were sandy soil > black soil > cinnamon soil > fluvo-aquic soil,compared with fluvo-aquic soil,the nitrogen translocation ratio and its contribution rate to grain in vegetativeor organs before anthesis for sandy soil increased by3.2%?9.2%(2014-2015)and 4.3%?8.4%(2015-2016).The nitrae nitrogen content at mature stage was fluvo-aquic soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > sandy soil;Irrigation increased nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen productive efficiency,nitrogen uptake efficiency,nitrogen translocation amount in vegetativeor organs before anthesis,but reduced the nitrogen translocation ratio,its contribution rate to grain in vegetativeor organs before anthesis.4.Effects of irrigation on water use efficiency of Winter Wheat under different soil typesThe soil water consumption was highest in the fluvo aquic soil,and the lowest in sandy soil.The efficiency of water use is shown as the order: fluvo aquic soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > sandy soil.Under the condition of fluvo aquic soil,irrigation increased the water consumption,which was the highest in W3 treatment,and increased by 20.7%(2014-2015)and(2015-2016)than W0 treatment,respectively.With the increase of irrigation frequency,the water use efficiency increased first and then decreased.5.Effects of irrigation on yield and quality of winter wheat under different soil typesThe yield of wheat and its components were fluvo aquic soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > sandy soil.Compared with sandy soil,the yield,Spike number,grain number per spike and 1000 grain weight of fluvo aquic soil increased by 21.6%,33.6%,13.5%,and 4.6%(2014-2015)and 35.4%,20.9%,9.2% and 5.6%(2015-2016).Irrigation increased the yield,sandy soil,black soil,cinnamon soil and fluvo aquic soil increased by 16.9%,4.6%,8%,11.4%(2014-2015)and 24.3%,17.6%,15.9%,14.6%(2015-2016),respectively.Under the condition of fluvo aquic soil,With the increase of irrigation frequency,Irrigation increased the yield,compared with W0,irrigation treatments(the average of irrigation)increased by6.2%(2014-2015)and14.9%(2015-2016).The contents of grain weight,protein content,wet gluten and sedimentation value of wheat were shown as follows: fluvo aquic soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > sandy soil,while the total starch content of grain was shown as follows:sandy soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > fluvo aquic soil.Irrigation increased grain weight,starch content and sedimentation value,but decreased grain protein content and wet gluten content. |
PDF Full Text Request