| Gut microbiota of silkworm(Bombyx mori)are closely related to its absorption,digestion and growth develpment,high temperature as an important environmental factor effects the growth and development of silkworm,but the relevance of “high temperaturegut microbiota-growth and development of silkworm” is uncertainty.In this study,16 S rDNA of gut and its contents of silkworm which for 72 h high temperature(34?)treatment was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technique.The effect of high temperature on gut microbiota and their function were analyzed.To study the effect of high temperature on the composition and function of gut microbiota,and to explore the relationship between gut microbiota changes and the growth development of silkworm through the correlation of physiological and biochemical indexes.The results are as follows: 1 High temperature changes the composition of gut microbiota of silkwormThe gut microbiota abundance of silkworm was significantly decreased after 72 h of high temperature treatment,the abundance of Acidobacteria,Bacteroidobes,Fusobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes in female silkworm and the abundance of Acidobacteria in male silkworm were significantly lower than control group;the microbiota which classified to genus level were significantly reduced in high-temperature for the number of female and male silkworm were 25 and 11,respectively.These indicated that the high temperature changed the gut microbiota composition and showed gender difference.2 High temperature affect the membrane transport function of gut microbiota in silkwormThe results of gut microbiota function prediction showed that high temperature could significantly up-regulate the membrane transport function of female silkworm gut microbiota.Methanobacteria could slow down the transport function of small intestine,the abundance of Methanobacteria in gut microbiota of female silkworms was decreased in high temperature environment.The expression level of membrane protein gene BmTmC27 in midgut tissue was significantly increased,which was consistent with the up-regulated of gut microbiota function of membrane transport,suggested that the change of membrane transport function of silkworm is related to the gut microbiota membrane transport function.Compared with control group,there was no significant difference in male silkworm gut microbiota transport function,but the expression level of BmTmC27 was significantly decreased after 72 h,the reason need to be further studied.The results showed that there were gender differences in the response of gut microbiota membrane transport to high temperature environment.3 High temperature affect the metabolism of gut microbiota in silkwormThe results of function prediction also showed that the function of gut microbiota involved in metabolism was down-regulated under high temperature treatment.The high temperature caused a significant decrease in the gut microbiota of female silkworm,six were involved in carbohydrate metabolism(Propionibacterium,Leuconostoc,Lactococcus,Streptococcus,Fusobacterium and Janthinobacterium),three were involved in lipid metabolism(Clostridium,Bacterides,Geobacillu)and two were involved in proteins and amino acids metabolism(Bacillus,Brevibacillus).Gut microbiota of male silkworm showed only a significant decrease in the abundance of Lactococcus,Fusobacterium and Brevibacillus which involved in metabolism of carbohydrate,protein and amino acid.The changes of sucrase,trehalase and lipase activity in midgut digestive system and the growth-related indexes of silkworm were consistent with the decrease of microbiota abundance.These indicated that the gut microbiota of silkworm affect the host metabolism,and there are gender differences in response to high temperature environment.The changes of gut microbiota in silkworms under high temperature environment affected the digestion and absorption of silkworms by regulating the activity of related digestive enzymes,thus affected the growth and development of silkworm. |
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