Research On The Main Biological Characteristics And Artificial Feeding Of Macrocheles Muscaedomesticae

Macrocheles muscaedomesticae is a kind of predatory mite with world-wide distribution.This species is the natural enemy of some pests of Diptera?the mosquito and fly?.It can prey on eggs,larvae and adults of some Diptera,it can also parasite on the body surface of the pests.Furthermore,this mite has strong predation ability to the nematodes,Acaridae,springtails and larvae of some small Coleoptera,and it does no harm to man or animals.Therefore,M.muscaedomesticae is one of the most potential predators in bio-control.Although M.muscaedomesticae is a predator which has high potential for application of bio-control,it limited by its scanty biological and follow-up artificial feeding technology research.Thus,the scale utilization and product development of the mites have been stagnant until now.The study preliminarily research on the basic biology and artificial feeding conditions of the M.muscaedomesticae,and the results are as follows:1.A brief description of the morphological characteristic of M.muscaedomesticae.We selected 6 kinds of food which contains Musca domestica,Drosophila melanogaster,Drosophila suzukii,Tyrophagus putrescentiae,Lycoriella pleuroti and Bradysia odoriphaga.The results showed that the mite could finish its preadult period when feed on M.domestica,D.melanogaster,D.suzukii and T.putrescentiae.The result showed that the mite grew largest in the condition of rearing M.domestica,which the length and width of female sizes are 963.44±6.85?m and 654±5.78?m,male sizes are 717.75±9.65?m and 498.96±7.51?m.However,the mite grew smallest in the condition of rearing T.putrescentiae,which the length and width of female and male sizes respectively are 854.7±19.07?m,546.15±9.00?m,620.4±6.60?m and 475.80±15.12?m.The result demonstrated that M.domestica,D.melanogaster,D.suzukii and T.putrescentiaeare considered promising diets for M.muscaedomesticae.2.The predator-prey rate model of M.muscaedomesticae against M.domestica and D.melanogaster larvae was established in this study:V?28?278.X^-.1115(X²?28?.0684<?²._0005,3?28?.8678)V?28?29.311X^-.204(?2?28?.0914<?2._005,3?28?.6979)3.The development,survival and mean fecundity etc.of M.muscaedomesticae fed on larvae of M.domestica were collected at 15°C,20°C,25°C,30°C,35°C,75±5%RH and0:24?L:D?h.The results showed that M.muscaedomesticae can finish its preadult period from 20?to 35?.The temperature has a significant effect on its preadult.The result demonstrated that 25?is the optimum temperature for the growth of the M.muscaedomesticae,30?is the optimum temperature for the development of the mite.However,the mite can't complete its preadult stage at 15?.4.The development,survival and mean fecundity etc.of M.muscaedomesticae reared on larvae of D.melanogaster and M.domestica were collected at 25°C±1°C,75±5%RH and 0:24?L:D?h.The intrinsic rate of increase?r?is 8.501d^-1,net reproductive rate?R₀?is4.47,increment rate per unit???is 1.08 d^-1.By contrast,the intrinsic rate of increase?r?is8.15 d^-1,the net reproductive rate?R₀?is 11.10,the increment rate per unit???is 1.02 d^-11 when fed on M.domestica.5.Different breeding devices were designed and selected for artificial rearing of M.muscaedomesticae,such as small room,water dish,crisper and a self-circulating feeding device.The result showed that small room need to observe to feed every day with a large workload;whereas in the water trays,the loss of the mites is bigger,about 50%of the mites escaped or drowned;in crisper,we need to keep balance between moisturize and ventilate.The result showed that the self-circulating device designed and manufactured in our laboratory is the most effective artificial feeding device.6.A preliminary study on the breeding method of M.muscaedomesticae was conducted in the self-circulating device which designed and manufactured in our laboratory.The result showed that the survival rate of the mite varies with the proportion of houseflies and the mites when fed on housefly.When the ratio of the houseflies and the mites was 5:1,the survival rate of the mites?from the egg to the Deutonymph?was more than 91%;the survival rate was more than 90%at 6:1;the survival rate was 93%at 7:1.