Characteristics Research On Sunflower Disc And Seed Of Mechanical And Threshing

Sunflower is an important oil crops in China,and sunflower seeds harvesting and processing plays a prominent role in national economy.Traditional sunflower seed threshing with the impact or rub principle,due to the high speed of threshing drum,has big impact on the seed,thus breakage rate of sunflower seed and sunflower disk is high which lead to cleaning more difficult.The damage kernels not only reduce sunflower seed quality,but also reduce seeds germination and seed quality.So study on low damage and easy cleaning equipment of sunflower threshing is very important.This paper presents a new sunflower threshing equipment.By consulting relevant conference and observing the seeds and the sunflower disk,the biological characteristics of the sunflower disk and seed were obtained.The seeds were arranged in a spiral phyllotaxis law on the disk.Through analysis the mechanical model of sunflower disk,the interaction force between the seeds on the disk and the interaction force between the disk and the seed were found.The characteristics of seed mechanical on disk provided a mechanical basis for design threshing device.Through the quasi-static compression test and collision test of sunflower seeds,it was found that the rupture laws and rupture mode in sunflower seed.Besides,it was found that the best moisture content of seed for threshing and the strongest anti-cracking ability especially the abdomen of seed.This result revealed the mechanical properties of sunflower seed.Using the biomechanical properties of the sunflower disk and seed,a sunflower threshing device was designed based on the excellent ability of insert seed gap of beak.Through analysis the motion and force of sunflower disk in the device,it was concluded that the threshing element produced press and friction on sunflower seed.The force of press and friction remove the seed on disk.Use high-speed camera to observe and analyze the process of sunflower threshing.This paper presents a new method for threshing edible sunflower.The device have done threshing test only for edible sunflower due to biomechanical properties of edible sunflower and oil sunflower were similar.The breakage rate and threshing rate were used as test indicators.The sunflower threshing device was experimentally studied using singlefactor tests,orthogonal tests and quadratic general rotary regression experiment to gain and optimize the key parameters of the threshing device which was the rotating speed,the guide roller and the threshing gap.The threshing effect of sunflower threshing device is best than threshing machinery on the market.The threshing device has a better ability to thresh sunflower seeds and low damage.This article explores the new method of sunflower threshing from the above four aspects,and conducts experimental research to provide a basis for improving the performance of sunflower thresher.