Study On The Length And Width Change Rule Of Developing Cucumber Fruit And Their Correlation To The Shape Of Other Organs

The morphological dynamic changes during the development of cucumber fruit may not only determine the fruit shape of the commercial fruit,but also may have a close relationship with the yield.At present,there have been some studies on the growth characteristics of cucumber fruits in foreign countries.However,there is still no systematic report on the dynamic changes of fruit shape during fruit development.In the past,the entire development period of cucumber fruits and fruit shape correlation were rarely involved.In this study,28 kinds of cucumbers of 4 length types cultivated in the laboratory were used as materials to measure the changes of fruit and fruit stalks' long-coarseness at different times after flowering,and the morphological indicators of fruits,seeds,petals,cotyledons,and true leaves were measured.After the measurement,correlation analysis was performed.Three types of representative varieties with different lengths were selected,and the expression levels of the vertical and horizontal genes CsSUN and CsLNG1 at different periods were determined.The specific findings are as follows:1.The length and width development of long-fruit,medium-length fruit,short-fruit showed a double S curve.The width development of round-fruit showed a double S curve,however,The length development of round-fruit showed a single S curve.The fruit shape index of all four types of cucumber increased in the early stage.The fluctuation at meddle stage of fruit development was more obvious,and remained stable at late stage.For the long fruit type cucumber,the growth rate of fruit length and fruit diameter increased significantly during 3 to 9 days post-flower,and reached the maximum on the 6th day post-flower,they were 3.72 cm and 0.44 cm respectively.On the 9th day post-flower,the growth rate of fruit length and width slowed down.The fruit length and fruit width of the medium and long fruit type cucumbers increased rapidly during 3 to 9 days post-flower,and the average daily increments reached the maximum on the 6th day post-flower,which were 2.54 cm and 0.35 cm.From the 12 th day,the fruit length and width increased again,and both of them reached the second growth peak on the 15 th day post-flower;The average daily increments of short fruit type cucumber fruit reached the growth peak on the 6th day after flowering,which was 1.34 cm,then it began to decline.The fruit width growth rate continued to rise,and reached its maximum value on the 12 th day post-flower.The daily growth amount was 0.44 cm.The fruit length and width of the round-fruited cucumber grew fastes during the 3rd to the 6th days post-flower.The average daily growth was 1.43 cm and 0.74 cm,respectively;during the6 th to the 15 th days post-flower,the growth rate gradually slowed down,and the daily growth amount dropped sharply after the 15 th day.2.Different types of cucumber fruit stalk mainly in longitudinal growth,fruit stalk in the fruit growth and development process fluctuated obviously,the stalk of different fruit type cucumber basically grew in the early growth period.fruit stalk increased rapidly during 0 to 6 days post-flower.The stalk length of the long-fruit type cucumber,the stalk width of the medium-length fruit type cucumber,and the stalk length and width of the round-fruit type cucumber fruit increased rapidly during 3 to 6 days post-flower,The stalk width of the long-fruit type cucumber,the stalk length of the medium-length fruit type cucumber,and the stalk length and width of the short-fruit type cucumber fruit increased rapidly during 0 to 3 days post-flower.3.The fruit size of four kinds of fruit-length cucumbers increased significantly with the increase of fruit length.The stalk width of long-fruit and medium-length fruit increase significantly with the increase in stalk length.Correlation analysis showed that the shape of the medium-length cucumber fruit was related to the shape of seeds,leaves,ovary,and petals.When these organs were thick and thick,the fruit was also thick.4.The vertical and horizontal diameters of long-fruit type cucumber 3511 and round-fruit type cucumber Q24 were regulated by two genes,CsSUN and CsLNG1.The cucumber shape of medium-length fruit type cucumber 29 was mainly regulated by CsSUN;both genes expressed at different periods For 3511>29>Q24,the external fruit length of cucumber was 3511>29>Q24;Both two genes of round-fruit type 29 cucumber stopped expression at late stage;the expression of CsSUN gene reached the maximum On the 6th day post-flower.The expression level of cucumber CsLNG1 of 3511 and Q24,reached the maximum on the 12 th and the 6th day respectively.The difference in the expression levels of the two genes at different stages of the cucumber showed that the change of the vertical and horizontal diameters of the cucumber showed a “slow-fast-slow” trend.The length and with of cucumber fruit growth rapidly on the sixth day.