| Posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a permanent chronic psychological dysfunction caused by stressor.In the treatment of PTSD,there are mainly involved anti-anxiety drugs,antidepressants and anticonvulsants medicine as alternative medicine,The effect of antidepressant drugs is significant.especially SSRIs(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor)has caused extensive attention for its better effect to treat the PTSD,they have better safe and less adverse reaction than the other drugs,and Often used as a first-line drug of PTSD.But generally speaking,the effect of prevention and cure has not developed well enough when patients are diagnosed with PTSD.There is a limit to what they can achieve.The practical significance of drug prevention is even greater when the symptoms of PTSD have not yet appeared.Paroxetine has a good therapeutic effect on PTSD,and nimodipine has the ability to protect the nervous system,and has the role of anti depression,improve learning and memory function.In this paper,we explore the effect of behavior change,therapeutic changes in brain,etc after the paroxetine and nimodipine intervention in PTSD rats after build PTSD model in rats successfully.Methods: In this paper,we established PTSD rats by combine stress method.We choose 50 rats and randomly divided into 6 groups(n = 10),And we conducted drug intervention by different ways after two days,specific administration methods: SPS model group(SPS and non drug),CS group(CS stress,non drug),group I(CS stress,paroxetine),group II(CS stress and nimodipine),combined treatment group(CS stress,paroxetine & nimodipine)treatment and normal rats as control group(no stress,no medicine)treatment.All of these groups administered drug continuously for 14 days.Then we conducted open field test,the elevated plus maze behavior observation,verification,etc to observe the behavior change in each group.After the behavioral observation test,we taken out the brain tissue of rats in every group,and observed the pathological changes of brain by SE staining and staining,and provide some advice for the prevention and treatment of PTSD.Results and conclusions:Behavioral observation: Though the open field test,the elevated plus maze test,etc,we found that,compared with the control group,the number of cross grid in combine rats group were reduced,(28.63±15.42 vs 85.71±15.83),and enter the open arm times were reduced(32.74±20.32 vs 80.50±17.04);enter the close arm times were increased(240.31±28.23 vs 154.72±26.81);the number of targets were reduced(1.14±0.31 vs 2.81±1.90);the incubation period were increases(21.50±4.43 vs 6.42±4.03),and all of this have significant differences.Compared with the combine stress group,the number of the central times in group I and the combine group has increase(3.82±0.83 vs 3.84±0.32 vs 1.10± 0.73)],and the into central time also has increased(632±1.01 vs 6.35±1.62 vs 6.93±1.92),the number of the open arms times has increase(7.76±1.82):(5.76±1.84):(3.50±281)],into the open arm time increased(79.70±11.85 vs 58.08±1.281 vs 32.74 ±20.32),and all of the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Compared with the model group,the number of target in the treatment group and the model group was increased,and the latent period was decreased(P<0.01).So we constructed the PTSD rat model by the method of combined stress was successfully.Between model and normal groups,and paroxetine and nimodipine are effective to prevent anxiety and dysfunction of learning and memory of PTSD rats,but using nimodipine alone to prevent PTSD were effectiveness of passable.Gait analysis and hormone determination: Through the gait analysis we found that the swing,swing speed,etc in each had no statistical significance(P > 0.05),it suggested that combine stress and medical intervention have no influence on central nervous system and peripheral nervous system of rats.Through the hormone determination of NE and 5-HT levels in each group,the levels of NE and 5-HT were found to have no significant statistical difference(P>0.05),which may be the factors that cause the phenomenon: the changes of the self regulation after the combine stress,the concentration of related hormones and other interfering factors.Pathological observation: we observed the rat hippocampal tissue after HE staining,the DG cell structure is clear,uniform size,no significant pathological changes in the control group rat;and the model group rat DG cell were increased,died;group I rat dentate gyrus cell size uniform,structure is clear,but the cell density lower than normal group;group II rat DG cell size uniform,the fractured pieces of necrotic cells;combined group rats DG cells arranged closely,uniform size,but cell density than normal group low.Control group rat hippocampal CA3 cells uniformly distributed,no cell necrosis;model group rats hippocampus CA3 intercellular distance increases,part of the cells showed light staining;group I in rat hippocampal CA3 cell volume change;group II rats hippocampus CA3 cell spacing were increased.combine group rat hippocampal CA3 cell density were decreased.After the Nissl staining,we found that the control group rat DG cell morphology were unchanged,and Nissl bodies were clearly visible;model group rats' DG cells arranged in neat rows,part of the cells showed light staining,and there have no obvious tiger stripes;group I rats' DG cell size were uniform,Nissl body aggregation appeared;group II rats' DG cells appear pale staining,but a part of Nissl bodies were disappeared;combined group rats' cell structure was clear,and Nissl body clearly visible.Control group rats' CA3 cell size were uniform,and Nissl bodies are clearly visible;model group rats' CA3 region of Nissl body were dissolved;group I rats' CA3 cell size were uniform,and arranged closely;group II group rats' CA3 cells arranged closely,but the emergence of Nissl bodies gathered;combined group rats' CA3 cell size were uniform,and the control group no significant difference.In summary,the PTSD rats' brain exists significant pathological changes,but after the drug treatment of paroxetine and nimodipine,the pathological condition has been improved,and the combined use of paroxetine and nimodipine has the effect is most remarkable,but not archive the status of control group.The results suggest that the combination of paroxetine and nimodipine has a good effect on the pathological changes in the hippocampus of PTSD rats. |
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