| Objectives Depression is a physical and mental illness. In China, depression has become the second leading cause of this disease, of which the high morbidity, the recurrence rate and the death rate threat people's health seriously. American Heart Association(AHA) conceived of the concept of “ideal cardiovascular health” in 2010, referring to the simultaneous existence of three healthy behaviors(non-smoking, being physically active and healthy dietary intake) as well as four healthy biomarkers(body mass index<25 kg/m2, untreated total cholesterol<200mg/dl, untreated systolic/diastolic blood pressure<120/80 mm Hg, and fasting plasma glucose <100mg/dl). There are researches reporting that ideal cardiovascular factors have protective effects on depression in Caucasian population. However, in Chinese population, the distribution of the ideal cardiovascular healthy indicators remains unclear, and their relationships with depression have not been reported. Therefore, we will choose the residents in the Jidong communities to conduct a forward-looking study which attempts to explore the relationship between the ideal cardiovascular healthy factors and the depressive symptoms in the Chinese population so that we can provide reference for the primary prevention of depression.Methods The people in the study are from Jidong community, and the sampling frame of the study was made from July 2013 to November 2013 in Caofeidian District of Tangshan City, Hebei Province(a total population of about 140,000), using cluster random sampling. Approximately 11,500 community residents over the age of 18 are involved in the study(8.2%). A total of 7,110 residents agreed to participate in the study. The response rate was 61.8%. The survey was carried out by the community doctors who had received a unified training with self-designed epidemiological questionairs. The total population in the baseline data is 7,110, which excluded 13 younger than 20 years of age and 246 whose healthy information is incomplete. In the end, 6,851 people were included in the study, among which the youngest was 20 years old, the eldest was 79 years old; male 3,525(51.5%) and women 3,326 people(48.5%). Inclusion criteria: Jidong community residents who are over 20 years old and are willing to participate in this study and have signed the informed consent as well. Exclusion criteria: those whose research data were insufficient. Since the collation of the baseline data are completed, cross-sectional study method will be adopted using Logistic regression model when analyzing the ideal cardiovascular healthy factors and the risks of depression.Results 1. In this five months' investigation, 6,851 people were studied in the end. 525 people suffered from depressive symptoms(7.7%), among whom there were 289 males(8.2%) and236 women(7.1%). 2. Seen from the baseline and cardiovascular healthy indicators distribution, patients with depression symptoms have features of being younger, low income level, smoking, poor physical activity and unhealthy diet. 3. Each CVH is relevant to depression symptoms, and after adjusting age, sex, marital status, alcohol abuse, income level, education level by a history of myocardial infarction, stroke and cancer, and six other cardiovascular indicators, we have found that compared with the difference between the non-smoking, being physically active and healthy dietary, the prevalence of depression was negatively correlated with adjusted odds ratio(odd ratio, OR), 95% confidence interval(confidence interval, CI) respectively(OR=0.78, 95% CI=0.61-0.99; OR=0.679, 95% CI=0.55-0.82; OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.32-0.58, and both P<0.05). The systolic/diastolic blood pressure<120/80 mm Hg and depression is positively correlated,(OR=1.79,95% CI=1.24-2.59, P<0.05); No significant correlation exists between BMI, total cholesterol and fasting blood sugar and depression. 4. Cardiovascular healthy indicators aggregated score is significantly associated with depressive symptoms, which can be seen after adjusting age, sex, marital status, alcohol abuse, income level, education level, history of myocardial infarction, stroke and cancer, and those who score the highest quartile reduce the risk of depressive symptoms by 42%(OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.43-0.78, P <0.05) compared to that of the lowest quartile scorers. There is a similar trend among men and young people, respectively(OR=0.46, 95% CI=0.28-0.75; OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.29-0.64; P<0.05), although there are also women and middle-aged people with the same trend, but it is of no obvious significance(P> 0.05).Conclusions This study suggests that having more ideal cardiovascular healthy elements is associated with reducing the risk of suffering from depression, especially for males and the young. The ideal cardiovascular healthy elements play an important role in the prevention of depression. |
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