| Background Esophageal cancer is refers to the source of esophageal epithelial carcinoma between the pharynx to the stomach esophagus bungalows,more than 95% of them are squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a kind of malignant epithelial tumors with squamous cell differentiation.Because most of the patients have been at the middle-late stage when they see the doctor,can’t operate,radiation and chemotherapy have not been able to significantly prolong the survival period of patients.Therefore,to prevent the disease,the discussion from molecular level of the occurrence of esophageal cancer development mechanism has important practical significance and theoretical value.Micro RNA(mi RNA)is a kind of single non-coding small RNA,the endogenous length of it is about 18 to 25 nt typein biology.Nearly 1000 kinds of mi RNAs have been found in human body,a growing body of evidence suggests that mi RNA participates in biological control by inhibiting the target gene,regulate cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis and etc,it is closely related to embryo growth and individual development,metabolism and a variety of disease development.According to the statistics,more than 30% of the genes in the human body are the mi RNA regulation.Each mi RNA can potentially targeting multiple m RNA molecule,which mi RNA can also be in the same gene regulation at the same time.Meanwhile,mi RNA disorders are common in a variety of diseases including tumor,and change the normal gene expression through after transcription regulation,play an important role in the progress of the disease.Micro RNA let-7(let-7)is a recently discovered mi RNA which plays the role of tumor suppressor,in human laryngeal cancer,gastric cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,glioma tumor and other tumor tissues have the effect of inhibiting tumor.In a variety of the origin of cancer cells,micror RNA-21(mi R-21)is significantly higher in the expression of micror RNA,it is associated with tumor infiltration and canceration,partly by preventing apoptosis of cancer gene function,as a new type of tumor biological marker,play an important role in the tumor diagnosis,treatment and prognosis and so on.In this paper,we performed a review with the correlation of the let-7,mi R-21 and development of ESCC.Objective This experiment is going to test the patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)tissues let-7 and mi R-21,research the organization and expression of the let-7and mi R-21 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and corresponding tissue adjacent to carcinoma,discuss the relationship between let-7,mi R-21 and the clinical factors,as well as the correlation between the two,analysis the mechanism in ESCC,as to provide theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.Methods We have collected 48 cases of the fresh tumor tissues and corresponding normal esophageal mucosa tissues of patients(More than 5 cm away from the tumor edge)with esophageal cancer surgical removal by the Shandong Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences from June 2015 to November 2016.All the preoperative esophageal cancer patients have not been undergoing chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and cases experts were confirmed by pathology.And we statisticed the basic information of the patients and clinical pathological information.By quantitative real-time PCR(q RT-PCR)methods,we have tested the expression levels of let-7 and mi R-21 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and corresponding tissue adjacent to carcinoma.We have carried on the statistical analysis by statistical software SPSS 17.0 to evaluate the let-7 and mi R-21 differences in relative expression in esophageal cancer specimens and the inner link in esophageal cancer.Results1 Compared with normal esophageal mucosa tissues[1.03(0.81-1.72)],the expression of let-7 in ESCC carcinoma tissues[0.43(0.23 0.73)] decreased(P < 0.05);Compared with normal esophageal mucosa tissues[3.32(1.71-6.15)],the expression of let-7 in ESCC carcinoma tissues [6.12(3.98-7.39)]increased(P < 0.05); 2 In ESCC patients with tumor tissue,the high level expression of let 7 was related to clinic stage,P<0.05.The relative expression of Ⅲ/Ⅳ stage [0.38(0.19 0.49)] was significantly lower than Ⅰ/Ⅱ stage[0.65(0.34 0.97)],P<0.05.There were no statistically significant correlation between the experssion of let-7 in ESCC tissues and clinical parameters(gender,age,tumor size,tumor location,the degree of differentiation,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis).In ESCC patients with tumor tissue,the high level expression of mi R-21 was related to clinic stage,the degree of differentiation,lymph node metastasis,P < 0.05.The relative expression of Ⅲ/Ⅳ stage[7.22(5.90-9.81)]was significantly lower than Ⅰ/Ⅱ stage[4.33(2.42-6.53)],P < 0.05.Relative expression of different differentiation group had significant statistical difference,P < 0.05,with high differentiation group[2.64(1.47 4.38)],differentiation group[5.38(4.08 8.56)],the poorly differentiated group[8.50(6.5610.07)].With the Mann-Whitney U test for the statistical analysis in the three groups of two,results showed that the group of low differentiation was statistically significant with medium and high differentiation,P < 0.05,there were no significant statistical differences between groups of medium and high differentiation,P>0.05.There were statistically significant correlation between the experssion of mi R-21 in ESCC tissues and clinical parameters(gender,age,tumor size,tumor location).3 The expression of let-7 and mi R-21 in ESCC cancerous tissue has no obvious correlation,the correlation index is 0.96,P>0.05.Conclusions1 The expression of let-7 was lower in ESCC tissues than normal esophageal mucosa.The expression of mi R-21 was higher in ESCC tissues than normal esophageal mucosa.2 Let-7 with ESCC TNM stage has certain relevance,the expression of let-7 was not related to gender,age,tumor size,tumor location,the degree of differentiation,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,etc;Mi R-21 with ESCC TNM stage,differentiation degree and lymph node metastasis have certain relevance,the expression of mi R-21 was not related to gender,age,tumor size,tumor location.3 The expression of let-7 and mi R-21 in esophageal cancer has no obvious correlation,both play an important role in the process of development of tumor. |
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