| Background:Vascular malformations are congenital lesions of the vascular or lymphatic system,which occur due to an erroneous vascular development during embryogenesis.The greatest proportion of vascular malformations is located in the head and neck region.According to the different compositions,they can be divided into arterial malformations,venous malformations,arteriovenous malformations,capillary malformations,lymphatic malformations and combined vascular malformations.There are a variety of therapies,such as surgery,laser therapy,sclerotherapy and combined therapeutic modalities.In recent years,Foam sclerotherapy is an important therapy of vascular malformations.Foam sclerotherapy is recommended over liquid therapy for the treatment of vascular malformations.Foam sclerotherapy has the advantage of higher efficacy rates because of longer contact time between foam and the vein wall,and the side effects occur at distant are rare.The effect of sclerosing foam depends on foam stability,while foam stability effecting incidence rate of the side effects.There are several factors that influence the stability of the foam sclerosants,such as type of used sclerosing agent,methods of preparation,liquid to air ratio.Some studies found that low temperature could increase the stability of foam.And driving speed could influence the stability of some kinds of foam sclerosants.Lauromacrogol is widely used in clinical as sclerosing agent,and its stability can influence the clinical effects.But there are no enough study about the relation between the temperature and the stability of obtained foam.And the influence of driving speed on foam stability is not clear.Purpose:1.By comparing the changes of the foam half-life in different temperatures,to study the influence of temperature on the stability of the foam for sclerotherapy.And study the changes of the foam half-life in different treatments in temperature.2.By comparing the changes of the foam half-life in different speeds of preparation,to study the influence of speed of preparation on the stability of sclerosing foam.Methods:1.Tessari method was used to generate foam.In preconditioning groups:two syringes were connected by a three-way stopcock,and one syringe was filled with lauromacrogol injection and the other with air.They were pre-cooled or pre-heated at different temperatures(5,15,25,35,45,55 and 65?)for 10 minutes.Then the foam was obtained and the foam half-time(FHT)was tested in ambient temperature(T=25?).In postconditioning groups:the foam was produced in ambient temperature(T=25?),while FHT was tested in different temperatures(5,15,25,35,45,55 and 65?).The pearson correlation test was used to analyze the effect of temperature on foam stability.Independent-samples t test was used to compare the foam half-time of foam in postconditioning group and preconditioning group using SPSS 19.0 software package.2.Two syringes were connected by a three-way stopcock,and one syringe was filled with lauromacrogol injection and the other with air.Then the foam was made in five different speeds of preparation.The FHT was tested in ambient temperature(T=25?).The effect of speed of preparation on foam stability was analysed by pearson correlation test using SPSS 19.0 software package.Results:1.There was a negative relation between the temperature and FHT in both preconditioning group and postconditioning group(preconditioning group:r?-0.984,P<0.05;postconditioning group:Pearson =-0.969,P<0.05).There was significant difference of FHT between the two different temperature handling groups,except when the temperature was 25?(P>0.05).FHT in preconditioning group was longer than that in postconditioning group when the temperature was more than 25?(P<0.05).By contrast,FHT in preconditioning group was shorter than that in postconditioning group when the temperature was less than 25?(P<0.05).2.Sclerosing foam half-time increased significantly at higher speeds of preparation(r =0.983,P<0.05).When the speeds of preparation was 10 second/20 time,the sclerosing foam was most stability.Conclusions:1.Temperature was an important factor to affect the stability of sclerosing foam,which the foam sclerosants were more stable at lower temperatures.And the impact was different before or after the foam being produced.2.The speed of preparation could influence the stability of foam,and foam sclerosant was more stable at higher speeds of preparation. |
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