| Objective:The aim of this study was to collect the live experiences of patients with liver cirrhosis,and to make a understanding of their feelings in daily life as well as in the medical environment.To explore patients' adjustments and progress during treatment process.To summarize their difficulties and potential care needs,so nurses can meet the demands of them,and can provide a direction for the development of personalized nursing measures.Methods:Phenomenological approach was utilized in this study.Through semi-structured in-depth interviews which were recorded by a recording pen,this study collected data from purposeful sampling strategy.14 patients who meet the inclusion criteria from Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University were interviewed during the period from March 2016 to September 2016.The audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and data were analyzed by Colaizzi's seven steps.Results:In this study,7 cases(50%)who developed from chronic viral hepatitis to cirrhosis can face the diagnosis calmly in the early stage of liver cirrhosis.2 cases(14%)manifested as an obvious negative emotion in the early diagnosis.14 cases(100%)had complex psychological changes,which can cause certain effects on the treatment and nursing follow-up.14 cases(100%)showed that the effects of diagnosis and treatment on patients with liver cirrhosis had multipul dimensions,which including physical,psychological,lifestyle,work,family,and so on.It's particularlyevident in compliance of antiviral treatment.The methods of patient's response were diverse,and 12 cases(86%)were positive,including antiviral or other treatment,quiting alcohol and tobacco,and so on.Some Patients were not clearing about the specific information,and even there were serious errors in 2 cases(14%).2cases(14%)showed passive responses to the disease.Due to the long-term,repetitive and unsustainable nature of the disease,14 cases(100%)showed that the needs of patients with cirrhosis were diverse.Seven themes were identified when patients were diagnosed with cirrhosis:faced to diagnosis calmly,complicated negative emotions,contradictory psychology,worried about the future,the feeling of irresponsible,hided the disease information to family,tried to comfort family.Two themes and fifteen subthemes were identified during the treatment.Two themes were included:liver cirrhosis affected patients in many aspects,there were many ways to deal with the Problems in disease.Fifteen subthemes were included:physiological effects,psychological effects,economic burden,social disharmony,lack of power to work,the diet,habits,ideas,behavior of family members were changed,active treatment,sought information and asked for help,faced the challenge independently,the care and encouragement from family,changed mentality,take the initiative to build a healthy behavior and life,reconsidered the meaning of responsibility to family,understood the meaning of life gradually,cherished health;Seven themes were identified of patients' care needs:needs of economic support,needs of medicine support,needs of cirrhosis related knowledge and information,demand for advances in medical technology,demand for professional skills and services to health care providers,demand for changes of medical policy,demand for occupation.Conclusion:The nursing staff should make targeted nursing measures according to the specific reaction of patients.First of all,nurses should hlep patients understand the cause of cirrhosis,treatment,prognosis,and so on,so that patients make adjustments as soon as possible.Secondly,nurses should be aware of the impact of cirrhosis onpatients at all levels,and encourage them to respond positively,and to help them do a good job in all aspects on adjustment,for example,change the diet to adapt to cirrhosis,have a good rest,and do not stay up late,have a rational use of antiviral drugs,enhance the nursing ability on complications of cirrhosis,thereby enhancing the patient's self-care ability.At the same time,nurses should communicate with patients timely,in order to correct the unreasonable measures of them.Furthermore,nurses should pay attention to the needs of patients with liver cirrhosis,and provide effective information for them timely,and improve the ability of nursing propaganda and education on the knowledge of cirrhosis related.The reasonable treatment program which refer to the type of patients' medical insurance and economic conditions are recommended.The power of all sectors of society are expected to be mobilized to support patients with cirrhosis. |
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