The Correlation Between Mitochondrial Mutation And Coronary Heart Disease In Young People

Objective:As the main contributors to social labour, young people undertake major social production activities and are usually considered "healthy". With the increasing pressure of life, young people are always in chronic fatigue stress state. Sudden cardiac death of young people is becoming more and more common in modern society. The studies of coronary heart disease (CHD) in young men have been one of the hot spots of medical diseases as so far. As we all known, the golden diagnostic standard for CHD is coronary angiography, expensive and risky to a certain extent. Thus, it’s urgent to find novel, inexpensive and effective diagnostic and treating methods of CHD in young people. Genetic background of CHD arises our attention after extensive review of related data pool. However, previous studies paid attention to nuclear genes at the most.Mitochondria, the energy factory within our bodies, were often ignored. Herein, the study of correlation between mitochondria and CHD in young people were initiated.Methods:115 cases of young (≤45 years) CHD Chinese patients (case group), 100 cases of older(> 45 years) Chinese CHD patients (experimental group) hospitalized and 100 cases of healthy people through physical examination (control group) at the General Hospital of PLA between January 2014 and December 2015 were recruited. General information,clinical assessment, and mitochondrial full sequence scanning were performed to find out the relationship of mitochondrial genes and coronary heart disease in young people.Results:The difference in gender(P=0.025) between the case group and the experiment group was significant.The differences in BMI (P=0.130), CK (P=0.180), cTnT (P=0.453),BNP (P=0.705), TC (P=0.053), TG (P=0.569), Fib (P=0.135), hs-CRP (P=0.257),LDL-C (P=0.541), blood glucose (P=0.190), HDL-C (P=0.757), and DD (P=0.267)between the cases and the controls were not significant. The differences in TG, TC, Fib,hs-CRP, LDL-C, HDL-C, DD between controls and cases, except CK, cTNT which stand for myocardial damage. Except for environmental factors, genetic factors played an important role in the pathogenesis of CHD in this group of young patients. 2 cases of young patients with CHD carrried C5263T single nucleotide mutation while it didn’t present in the experimental group and control group. The mutation is located in ND2 protein complex 1, highly conserved in human evolution, changing alanine into valine.It was presumed that the C5263T mutation causing the changes of mitochondrial function and associated with the pathogenesis of CHD in young people. At the same time, mitochondral mutations were found different in C8414T (P=0.001), A8508G(P=0.01), and A8701G (P=0.02) among groups. Logistic regression analysis of case group and experimental group suggested C8414T(OR=2.133), A8508G(OR=2.222),A8701G(OR=3.135) and gender(OR=0.137). Mitochondrial mutations C8414T,A8508G and A8701G belong to the haploid group, these mutations may change the mitochondrial function, resulting in increased susceptibility to coronary heart disease in young patients by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species, calcium overload and other ways. These mutations may be one of the genetic markers of young patients with coronary heart disease.Conclusion:1.We speculated that the mitochondrial C5263T mutation might be one of the genetic markers of coronary heart disease in young people.2.The mitochondrial mutations of C8414T, A8508G and A8701G may be involved in the development of coronary heart disease in young people.