The Expression And Significance Of Smad Proteinin The Ovary Of The Rat During Menopausal Transition

Ovarian function decline is due to the ovaries of the female reproductive function and endocrine function decline lead to menstrual disorders,reduced fertility and low estrogen symptoms,also known as the decline of ovarian reserve function(Decreasing Ovarian,Reservation,DOR),including the perimenopausal ovarian function decline and premature ovarian failure(premature ovarian failure,POF).The decline of ovarian function means that women begin to enter the aging,and seriously affect the reproductive health of women and the expected quality of life.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the molecular mechanism of ovarian aging,and to find the target protein to improve ovarian function and delay the decline of ovarian function.The decline of ovarian function has tremendous individual difference,suggesting that ovarian microenvironment plays a key role,subject to the menopausal transition of female rats as the research object,focus on transformation is closely related to ovarian function growth factor beta(trans-forming beta growth factor,TGF-beta)signaling pathway in cell signal transduction protein Smad protein expression on protein level and gene level in ovarian function decline in type Smad receptor activated protein Smad2,Smad3 and inhibitory Smad protein Smad7,a preliminary study on the relationship of Smad protein and ovarian function decline.This paper takes December old female SD(Sprague-Dawley)28 rats by vaginal smear screening method to validate the model,randomly divided into the menopausal transition group(MT),estradiol treatment of menopausal transition group(E2),14 rats in each group,another 14 June old female rats were mature in control group(C).E2 treatment group 17-subcutaneous injection of estradiol(0.2mg/kg,1 times /3 day),after 6 weeks of sesame oil solvent MT group was injected with the same dose of the bilateral ovarian,ovarian index,calculated by HE staining observation of ovarian morphology and follicular counting evaluation of ovarian function was detected by Smad2,real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method Smad3 mRNA,Smad7 gene in ovarian tissue of each group in the expression,localization and expression changes in each ovary in immunohistochemical detection of Smad2,P-Smad2,Smad3,P-Smad3,Smad7 protein.According to the evaluation index of ovarian function index of ovary and morphology,the results showed that the ovarian function of MT group and E2 group was lower than that of C group,and MT group had the lowest ovarian function,and the results were statistically significant(P<0.05).RT-PCR results showed that MT group and E2 group,Smad2 mRNA,Smad3 mRNA expression level was significantly lower than that in C group(P<0.01),E2 Smad2,Smad3 mRNA group was significantly higher than that of MT group(P<0.05);Smad7 m RNA level in MT group and E2 group was significantly higher than that of C group(P<0.01),E2 group(P<0.05 group was lower than that of MT).Immunohistochemistry results showed that Smad2,Smad3,P-Smad2,P-Smad3 and Smad7 protein were expressed in granulosa cells,oocytes and follicle cells,and there were differences between the three groups.Smad2,Smad3 protein levels gradually decreased in the C group,E2 group and MT group were statistically significant(P<0.05),the same P-Smad2,the protein level of P-Smad3 showed the same trend,the results were not statistically significant(P>0.05);and Smad7 protein levels in the C group,E2 group,MT group showed a rising trend,there are statistical significance(P<0.05).Based on the above results,we found that Smad2,Smad3,Smad7 are widely expressed in ovarian follicle cells,and play an important role in the regulation of ovarian function.In the process of decline of ovarian function,Smad2,Smad3 and Smad7 were involved in both protein level and gene level,Smad2 and Smad3 were positively regulated,Smad7 played a negative role.The decline of ovarian function was related to the down-regulation of Smad2 and Smad3 expression,up-regulion in Smad7 expression.