| Objective We have analyzed the utilization of health resources and the equity of allocation,by studying the current situation of health resource allocation in P ingliang city from 2011 to 2015,and analyzed the existing problems of health resources allocation in Pingliang,with the purpose of providing the rational suggestion of optimizing the allocation and raising the equity of health resources.To propose rational recommendations for the relevant local departments which can provide scientific reference of helping them formulate regional health plan,and thus promote the development of health service towards a coordinated and sustained direction in Pingliang city.Methods The literatures research and descriptive analys is methods were used to analyze the social and economic situation and the allocation of health resources in Pingliang city.We have studied the allocation equity of health resources using economic method which was named Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient to analyze the equity of health resources of population and geographical distribution in Pingliang from 2011 to 2015,and used the human population ratio method to predict the human resources and the number of beds in hospitals in Pingliang city from 2016 to 2020.Results1.Status of Allocation of Health Resources in Pingliang city(1)The number of health workers,health technicians and registered nurses in Pingliang city is increasing year by year,among which: the number of health workers increased from 11,519 in 2011 to 14,986 in 2015;the average annual growth rate is 6.80%,and the number of health techni cians from 8,481 in 2011 to 10,531 in 2015,the average growth rate is 5.56%,the number of prac ticing(assistant)physicians increased from 3,046 in 2011 to 3,896 in 2015,the average annual growth rate is 6.35%,and the number of registered nurses increased from 2,541 in 2011 to 2,622 in 2015,the average annual growth rate is 9.27%.(2)The number of health institutions increased gradually from 2011 to 2015 in Pingliang city,and by the end of 2015,has increased by 46 comparing with that in 2011 which is 2,700.The number of health institutions is largest in Kongtong district,but Chongxin County smallest,which is in consistence with health workforce.However the amount of increasing of health institutions in 5 years is largest in Lingtai County,which is 63.Whereas,the number of health institutions in Chongxin,Huating and Jingning decreased.It is clear that the change of total number of health institutions from 2011 to 2013 is small,whereas the number of health institutions is largest in 2014,which is 2,805.(3)The numbers of beds increased from 7,853 to 12,379 from 2011 to 2015,which increased 4,526,and the average annual growth rate is 12.05% in Pingliang city.From 2011 to 2015 the number of beds per 1,000 persons increased every year,from 3.78 to 5.90,except that in 2011 which is higher than the national level during the same period.(4)From 2011 to 2015 the total cost of health service inc reased every year,but decreased in 2015.The total cost of business and cause also increased,respectively from 123,981,200 yuan in 2011 to 184,284,600 in 2015,the average annual growth rate is10.42%.The ratio of total health expenditure to GDP increased every year during 2011 to 2015,but the increase rate was lower than that of the same period in China.The total health expenditure increased every year from 2011 to 2015,but the increase range is small,which is far below the level of the country during the same period.(5)From 2011 to 2015,the working days in hospitals and primary health care institutions reached the highest in 2012(respectively 324.76 days and 230.90 days),then fall to lowest in 2014,which is lower than that in 2011,and that in 2015 is higher than in 2014.In 2012 the turnover rate of beds in hospitals and primary health care institutions reached the highest(respectively 31.8 and 34.1),the utilization rate in 2012 reached the highest(respectively 88.73% and 88.73%),and the average length of staying in hospitals reached the highest(9.91 days)in 2012,then decreased year after year,which was lower in 2015 than that in 2011.2.Equity of Health Resource Allocation in Pingliang cityBy us ing Lorentz curve analys is we find out that in 2011 and 2015,the degree of crook in Lorenz curve concerning the equity of the health population is small,which means the equity of the population is relatively good,but the degree of crook in Lorenz curve concerning the equity of the health population of the health technicians,practicing(assistant)physicians,registered nurses,beds is big which means equity of the population is relatively poor.From 2011 to 2015,the degree of crook in Lorenz curve concerning the geographical equity of health workers,health technicians,practicing(assistant)physicians,registered nurses and beds is large,which means the geographical equity is poor.Gini coefficient of health workers is less than 0.3,which shows that population distribution of health workers is in a better state.The Gini coefficient of health technicians and practicing(assistant)doctors from 2011 to 2015 are more than 0.3 but less than 0.4,indicating that population distribution of health technicians are in normal state.The Gini coeff icient of registered nurses from 2011 to 2015 was 0.39 to 0.41 with big fluctuation,according to the Gini coefficient standards,which is in normal state in 2012 and 2014,but in inequity state in 2011,2013 and 2015.The equity of geographical distribution of in Pingliang city is relatively poor,and the Gini coefficient is more than 0.4 which is alert state,indicating the inequity of resources distribution.3.Prediction of Health Human Resources and the Number of Beds in Hospitals in Pingliang CityUsing the human population ratio method to predict the human resources and the number of beds in hospitals in Pingliang city,we find out that by 2020,the number of health technicians will reach 13,310,the number of medical practitioners will reach 4,863 and the registered nurses will reach 5,431.Using the human population ratio method,which is modified by replacing "human" with "beds",to predict the number of beds in hospitals,we find out that the number of beds in hospitals will reach 20,334 in 2020.Conclusions(1)The total number of health resources continues to grow each year in Pingliang city,however,except the number of beds in hospitals,other resources are still inadequate and unevenly distributed.(2)The resource allocation in every counties is different,with large differences.(3)The total cost of health service increased every year in Pingliang city.(4)The rate of overall utilization of health resources is low in Pingliang city,and even lower in health institutions in counties.(5)The population equity of health resources allocation is good in Pingliang city,which is in the average state except the Gini coefficient of registered nurses,but the geographical equity exceeds the alert state.(6)The result of prediction shows that in 2020 all kinds of health workers and the number of beds in hospitals will signif icantly increase in Pingliang city. |
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