Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve And External Branch Of The Superior Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring During Thyroid And Parathyroid Surgery

The Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve lie close to thyroid and parathyroid.It may damage the nerve through the surgery.The Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve injury is one of the most severe complications of thyroid surgery.Hoarseness due to unilateral RLN injury and breathing disorders and even asphyxia due to bilateral RLN injury can impose serious impacts on the patien's life;EBSLN injury results in dysfunction of the crico-thyroid muscle,which results in altered fundamental frequency of the voice,a deterioration in voice performance in producing high-frequency sounds,and reduced vocal projection.Intraoperative neuro monitoring(IONM)is a technology for identifying the integrity of nerves during operation by electrophysiological means.IONM has the potential to be utilized for identification of the RLN and EBSLN and functional assessment of their integrity,might contribute to voice preservation following thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy.The artical addresses the application and progress of IONM technology in thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy.