| Objective: To describe the status of breakfast behavior among white-collar workers in central downtown of Chongqing,and to analyze the influencing factors that affect breakfast frequency and breakfast quality,and to provide the basic data for future breakfast nutrition intervention.Methods: Three main districts and two units in the central downtown of Chongqing were randomized selected to have field investigation.Participants filled the questionnaire via a self-administered questionnaire.A total of 440 questionnaires were selected.Among them,149(35.6%)were males and 269(64.4%)were females.The average age of the participants was 30.2 ± 8.1 years.Descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data by using Stata13.0 software.Results:(1)about breakfast frequency,there were 61.7% participants do not eat breakfast everyday.On weekdays(Monday to Friday).The proportion of eating breakfast on rarely eat(0-2 times/week),occasionally eat(3-4 times/Week)and every day eat(5times/week)were 12.9%,17.9%,and 69.1%,respectively;On weekends,the proportion of eating breakfast on no eat(0 times/week),sometimes eat(1 times/week),every day eat(2times/week)were 28.2%,27.8%,and 44.0%,respectively.The results of logistic regression showed that on weekdays,females(OR=2.58,P=0.001),week exercise time 1-3 Hour and ? 3 hours(OR=1.98,P=0.010,or=2.48,p=0.018)were the protective factor that affects the daily eating breakfast,and participants with night snacking behavior(OR=0.48,P=0.003),slept time more than 12 pm o'clock(OR=0.35,P=0.002)eating out frequency ? 3 times/week(OR=0.36,P<0.0001)were more likely to have breakfast skipping.(2)For breakfast quality,28.1% participants eat breakfast with good quality,71.9% participants eat breakfast with not good quality.The educational level of the undergraduate,postgraduate and above were 1.79 and 2.19 times for consuming good quality breakfast compared with the participants with an educational level of junior college and below(P=0.039,P=0.007,respectively).Breakfast knowledge score of 1 was 6.44 times consuming good quality breakfast compared to participants with the breakfast knowledge score of 0(P <0.0001).Conclusion: The proportion of white–collar wokers that skipping breakfast is popular in central downtown of Chongqing,breakfast quality is poor,and participants lack breakfast nutrition knowledge.In the future,we should strengthen the nutrition knowledge mission on breakfast,promoting them to have a better lifestyle.Advocating white-collar workers to promote a healthy lifestyle,especially for males,to promote the white-collar workers a better breakfast habits.Objective: We aim to understand the breakfast dietray patterns among white-collar workers in cetral downtown of Chongqing,and to examine the association between breakfast dietary patterns and anthropometric measurement indexes,and to provide theoretical basis for making reasonable breakfast suggestions.Methods: Three Units(one institution,two companies)were selected by stratified cluster sampling method.Questionnaire method(filed questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire)and anthropometric measurement(instrumefnt type TANITA,BC-601)were used in this study.Finally,a total of 129 participans were included in the analysis,including 59 males(46.1%)and 70 females(53.9%)with an average age of 28.8±6.8 years.Breakfast dietary patterns were identified using the principal-component factor analysis method,and the linear regression was used to examine the association between breakfast dietary patterns and anthropometric measurement indexes.Applying Stata13.0 software for statistical analysis.Results: KMO(Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin)value was 0.54,Bartlett spherical test P<0.0001,factor analysis showed the eigenvalue> 1 for four factors,so extract four dietary patterns:(1)variety breakfast pattern,containing porridge,rice,milk and dairy products,eggs and egg products,fruits and nuts;(2)buns,milk and beans breakfast pattern,containing buns,soy milk,eggs and egg products and fruit;(3)steamed stuffed bun,eggs and beans breakfast pattern,containing steamed stuffed bun,soy milk,eggs and egg products;(4)traditional Chongqing special breakfast pattern,containing deep-fried wheat,noodles,milk and dairy products,eggs and egg products.The results of the association between breakfast dietary patterns and anthropometric measurement indexes show that steamd stuffed bun,eggs and beans breakfast pattern was negatively correlated with body fat rate(Model 1: ?=-0.98,P=0.033;Mode 2: ?=-0.99,P=0.045)and positively correlated with body water rate(Model 1: ?=0.65,P=0.050;0.67,P=0.050).There were no significantly associations observed in other three breakfast dietary patterns.Conclusion: There are four breakfast dietary patterns among white-collar workers in central downtown of Chongqing.Steamed stuffed buns,eggs,beans,breakfast pattern may have a positive effect on the prevention of body fat rate raise,and improving the body water rate.Further intervention studies are needed to investigate if this breakfast dietary pattern is effective to anthropometric measurement indexes. |
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