Incidence And Risk Factor Analysis Of Falls Among Elderly Patients With Cardiovascular Disease

ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiological characteristics of falls in the cardiovascular diseases elderly patients;To investigate major risk factors and protective factors for falls in the cardiovascular diseases elderly patients.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of cardiovascular medicine of a 3A grade Hospital in Qingdao.A total of 468 patients aged 60 years and over were selected with convenience sampling.Information about demography,physical health,activities of daily life,mental health,family and social relation,economic status,home environment,falls information during the past one year and the consequences of falls were selected.We analysed the data with SPSS17.0 and different statistical measures were applied for the right data.Results1.Distribution of the falls In the past year,the fall incidence was 38.25% among468 interviewees.The incidence rate was higher among women than that among men(60.89% vs 39.11%,c 2=6.15,P<0.05).Falls mostly occurred in winter and day time,and the place was mostly in the interior place.It was showed that the occurrence of falls was increased with age(t=2.15,P<0.05).2.Consequences of falls There were 271 injuries after total 370 falls.The injuries included soft tissue injury(79.9%),fractures or death(5.9%),and 45.4% of them were unable to take care of themselves in their daily life.Although 81.6% of the patients falls did not leave sequelae,but there were still some patients can not be recovered after falls,8 of them were unable to take care of themselves more than 90 days.66.22% of the patients were fear of falling,the influence of falling on the psychological may last longer,more harmful than physiological.3.Risk factors for falls The risk factors for falls were both internal and external.There were 24 statistical factors in the univariate analysis,and the variables were grouped into different logitic regression models in the multivariate analysis.The population statistics,health and physical fitness,balance function,disease,drug,behavior andpsychology were studied respectively.According to the statistical analysis,female,age,gait abnormalities,low daily life ability,depression,arterial sinus hypersensitivity test results were positive,orthostatic hypotension,atrial fibrillation,long course,fear of falling,home environment is not safe were risk factors.Conclusion1.Old cardiovascular disease patients had a high incidence of falls.2.There were serious consequences for individuals,families and society after falling.3.Falls in the aged cardiovascular disease patients were the results of internal and external factors,including biological,psychological,social and environmental factors.