Study On The Physicochemical Properties And Biological Activities Of Starch From Dioscorea Opposita, Curcuma Longa And Other Chinese Materia Medica

With the development of industrial technology,it has become more and more concerned to find and explore starch resources with new properties.As a special group of plants,medicinal plants often contain large amounts of starch in their tubers or rhizomes.However,these starches have always been ignored and discarded after the extraction of bioactive ingredients,resulting in a serious waste of resources.Therefore,based on the previous research,resistant starch was used as the research object and several kinds of traditional Chinese medicine starch,such as yam and turmeric starches have been studied.The starch-palmitic acid complex was prepared by the reaction of different concentrations of palmitic acid and yam starch.In order to find out the effects of concentration of palmitic acid on the properties of the complex,the physicochemical properties,antioxidant activity and bile acid binding capacity of complexes were studied.It was found that when the concentration of palmitic acid was 2%,the complex index was the highest(26.39%).After the yam starch was modified by palmitic acid,the water binding capacity,solubility,swelling power and paste clarity were decreased,while the resistant starch content,freeze-thaw stability,antioxidant activity and bile acid binding capacity were obviously increased,which indicated that the modified starches have very positive effects on human health.Physicochemical properties and gastroprotection of four types of resistant starch(RS)including native(RS2),retrograded(RS3),cross-linked with sodium trimetaphosphate/ sodium tripolyphosphate(RS4)and complexed with palmitic acid(RS5)resistant starches were investigated and compared.The results demonstrated that the four types of RS were proved to be effective on ethanol-induced gastric injure probably by promoting gastric emptying,generating more SCFAs and ameliorating oxidative stress.Of the four RS samples,the high dose groups of RS3 and RS5 showed the best activity.Five untraditional starches from Zingiberaceae plants,such as turmeric,were studied about their physicochemical properties,morphological properties,in vitro digestibility and anti-constipation activity and compared with starches from traditional sources(potato and corn).The results showed that there were few significant differences in the properties between these starches from Zingiberaceae plants,while they possessed much higher resistant starch content and had much better preventing loperamide-induced constipation activity than the conventional starches.This study provided several high resistant starches for the food and pharmaceutical industry.