Epidemiological Investigation On HFMD In Chenzhou City From 2009 To 2015

ObjectivesThe epidemiological characteristics,epidemic pattern and trends of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Chenzhou city were investigated and analyzed so as to provide a basis for developing HFMD prevention and control strategies.Methods1.Collect the epidemic data of HFMD in Chenzhou city from 2009 to2015 from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention to carry out epidemic situation,distribution of seasonal distribution,regional distribution,and patient characteristic distribution and other descriptive analyses of HFMD in Chenzhou city.2.Statistically analyze the date of HFMD pathogens collected from Center of Disease Control and Prevention in Chenzhou City from 2009 to2015 to understand the etiological characteristics of HFMD in Chenzhou city.Results1.The overview of HFMD incidences:a total of 53347 HFMD cases were reported from 2009 to 2015 in Chenzhou city.The annual incidence rate was 32.47 per 100 thousand,132.70 per 100 thousand,111.92 per 100thousand,333.15 per 100 thousand,171.92 per 100 thousand,221.09 per 100thousand,and 154.16 per 100 thousand,respectively.Based on the comparison of the annual incidence rates,the difference was statistically significant(?~2=14500.043,P=0.000).2.Seasonal distribution of HFMD incidences:There were double peaks of distribution characteristics in Chenzhou city from 2009 to 2015.The main peak was from April to July with 65.59%of those HFMD cases happened in this season.The secondary peak was from September to November.3.Regional distribution of HFMD incidences:the incidences were greater in Beihu District,Yizhang County,and Yongxing County,while the incidence in Guidong County was the smallest.The incident rates based on local population were different either.Beihu District,Linwu County and Anren County had higher rates,while Guiyang County,Rucheng County and Guidong County had lower rates.Particularly,the incidence rate in Guidong County is the lowest.4.Patients characteristic distribution of HFMD incidences:the majority of patients were children under the age of 3 years old.Most patients fell into the age group of 1 to 2 years old,accounting for 42.60%of the children under the age of 3 years old.There were more male patients than female patients,with an incidence ratio of 1.91 to 1 from male to female.Occupation distribution showed that 89.46%cases were scattered children,followed by8.34%of nursery children.5.The epidemiological characteristics of the severe and fatal cases:there were 688 severe cases(including 34 fatal cases)reported in Chenzhou city from 2009 to 2015,with the incidence rate of 1.29%.There were a total of 34fatal cases with the fatality rate of 0.64‰,the severe fatality rate of 4.94%and the mortality rate of 1.06 per million.The age of most severe patients was under the age of 3 years old,accounting for 92.30%of total cases.Scattered children were the main patients.6.Pathogenic characteristics of HFMD incidences:In total,4760 HFMD patients took Pathogenic lab test from 2009 to 2015,and 3123 of them showed positive lab results,among which pathogen EV71 accounted for35.67%(1114 cases),CoxA16 accounted for 16.87%(527 cases),and other enterovirus accounted for 47.45%(1482 cases).EV71 dominated the infections in the years of 2009,2010 and 2012.In 2011,the EV71,other enterovirus and Cox A16 took roughly equal proportions.From 2013 to 2015,other enterovirus was the main pathogens.Based on the comparison of pathogencompositions,thedifferencewas statisticallysignificant(?~2=938.953,P=0.000).7.Pathogenic characteristics of severe and fatal cases:EV71 was the main pathogens of severe cases in the years of 2009 to 2012,2014,and 2015,while other enterovirus was the main pathogens in 2013.There were 34HFMD fatal cases reported from 2009 to 2015,and 33 fatal cases were conducted with pathogen test,among which pathogen EV71 accounted for93.94%(31 cases).There was no statistically significant difference observed in the comparison of fatal cases from 2009 to 2015(?~2=9.581,P=0.143).Conclusions1.Hand-foot-mouth disease was prevalent in Chenzhou city from 2009 to2015.A larger scale epidemic appeared every other year or two year period cycles.The peak season distribution of HFMD incidences showed double peaks,and the main peak was from April to July.The majority of HFMD patients were children under the age of 3 years old.The high-risk groups were scattered children.Children under the age of 3 years old and scattered children were the high-risk groups of severe and fatal cases.2.The main pathogens causing HFMD in Chenzhou city were EV71,other enterovirus and CoxA16,while the majority of severe and fatal cases were caused by EV71.