Assessment On The Implementation Of Lavatory Improvement Project In Yuhuan County

ObjectiveSummarized the questionnaire,monitor and inspection records for harmless treatment of faeces in Yuhuan County,a monitoring pilot county,from 2002 to 2008,and the data of high prevalence intestinal infectious disease from the epidemic direct reporting system in Yuhuan Country from 2000 to 2010.Assessed how the the implementation of lavatory improvement project could influence the harmless treatment of faeces,the healthy literacy of rural residents,and the controlling effect on intestinal infectious diseases.Materials and methods1.The data were collected from questionnaire,monitor and inspection records for harmless treatment of faeces in Yuhuan County,a monitoring pilot county,when the lavatory improvement project was being conducted during 2002 to 2008 without interruption.During this period,samples and data of monitoring and inspection were taken from 283 toilets which were selected as the research subjects for the effect of harmless treatment of faeces.Samples were monitored and inspected on 6 items,which were flies density,fly maggot,odor grade,ammonia,exit liquid coliform,and sedimentation rate of parasite egg,and then the monitoring results on harmless treatment of faeces were analyzed and compared.During 2002 to 2008,1043 residents from 283 rural households who were research subjects for the influence on healthy literacy of rural residents were surveyed.The relevant questionnaire were summarized to compare and analyze the changes on hygienic knowledge,hygienic behavior and hygienic attitude of rural residents.2.The controlling effect of intestinal infectious diseases.was studied by analyzing the annaul incident rate of three kinds of intestinal infectious diseases with a high prevalence(bacillary dysentery,hepatitis A,(deputy)typhoid)and the total incidences of intestinal infectious diseases,etc.Relevant data sources came from epidemic direct reporting system database.Time period was devided into 5 stages:prior to the implementation of lavatory renovation project in Yuhuan County from 2000 to 2002,the early part of the implementation from 2003 to 2004,the middle part from 2005 to 2006,the last part from 2007 to 2008,and after the implementation from 2009 to 2010.Relative data of intestinal infectious diseases during these five stages were collected to investigate and compare different changing patterns for different stages.During the implementation of lavatory improvement project from 2002 to 2008,the changes on the incidence for the intestinal infectious diseases were compared and analyzed in the regions with and without project implemented.Results1.The results of monitor and inspection on harmless treatment of faeces showed that the lavatories in the region with the implementation of lavatory improvement were better than the ones without the implementation(P<0.05).This result was concluded from 6 monitor items such as fly density monitor,maggot density monitor of the first septic tank,comparison of odor concentrations in the lavatory,comparison of ammonia concentration in the air(mg/m3)of the lavatory,and fecal coliform bacteria monitor and the parasitic eggs monitor.2.The incidences of intestinal infectious diseases showed that:the incident rate of intestinal infectious diseases was obviously decreased after the implementation of lavatory improvement project in Yuhuan County from 2003 to 2010.Before the implementation of lavatory improvement project in Yuhuan County from 2000 to 2002,the early part of the implementation from 2003 to 2004,the middle part from 2005 to 2006,the last part from 2007 to 2008 and after the implementation from 2009 to 2010,the changes during these five stages on three intestinal infectious diseases(bacillary dysentery,hepatitis A,(deputy)typhoid)and total incidences of intestinal infectious diseases by TOPSIS method indicated that the highest incident rate of intestinal infectious diseases occurred in the early part of the implementation from 2003 to 2004,then for the period from 2000 to 2002 before the implementation.In the middle part from 2005 to 2006,the incident rate of intestinal infectious diseases began to decline.During the implementation of lavatory improvement project in Yuhuan County,the results by TOPSIS method about incident rates of various diseases in the region with and without project implemented showed that the highest incidenct rate of two intestinal infectious diseases(hepatitis A,(deputy)typhoid)and total incidences of intestinal infectious diseases also occurred in the early part of the implementation from 2003 to 2004,and then for the period before the implementation of 2002.In the middle part from 2005 to 2006,the incident rate began to decrease.For bacillary dysentery,the early part of the implementation from 2003 to 2004 had the highest incident rate;however,the rate before the implementation of 2002 was lower than that in the middle part from 2005 to 2006.After the implementation from 2007 to 2008,the rate reached its lowest level.3.The results of healthy literacy of rural residents showed that:during the implementation of lavatory improvement project in Yuhuan County,the research by TOPSIS method on the mastery of hygienic knowledge,cultivation of daily hygiene behavior and the attitude to the implementation of lavatory improvement revealed the healthy literacy of rural residents was gradually improved from 2002 before the implementation,the early part of the implementation from 2003 to 2004,the middle part from 2005 to 2006,to the last part from 2007 to 2008.Conclusion1.The implementation of lavatory improvement project improved the level of faeces harmless treatment in Yuhuan County,thoroughly promoted the rural environment and sanitation.2.The implementation of lavatory improvemeng project distinctly reduced the incidence or prevalence of intestinal infectious diseases in Yuhuan County,and greatly improved the health level of local people.3.The implementation of lavatory improvement project enhanced the healthy literacy of rural residents in Yuhuan County,which is reflected from the mastery of hygiene knowledge,the cultivation of hygiene behavior and the change to hygiene attitude.